ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2021
The Effects of Food on Cannabidiol Bioaccessibility.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interactions between antiseizure medications and foods and drinks: A systematic review.Epilepsia open · 2024Pooled it
- The effects of a brand-specific, hemp-derived cannabidiol product on physiological, biochemical, and psychometric outcomes in healthy adults: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2024Trial
- Impact of Dietary Fat and Oral Delivery System on Cannabigerol Pharmacokinetics in Adults.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2024Trial
- Solid Pro-Nano Lipid Oral Formulations for Cannabidiol (CBD).Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Adverse events associated with medical cannabis reported within a centralized call center.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Article
- Pharmacokinetics of cannabidiol, (-)-Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Real-world patient experience with medicinal cannabis use for symptom management in an Australian advanced cancer setting: a mixed method, cohort study using the theory of planned behaviour framework.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2024Article
- Cannabinoid Therapy in Athletics: A Review of Current Cannabis Research to Evaluate Potential Real-World Cannabinoid Applications in Sport.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Review
- Advances and Challenges in Modeling Cannabidiol Pharmacokinetics and Hepatotoxicity.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2024Review
- CBD and THC in Special Populations: Pharmacokinetics and Drug-Drug Interactions.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Co-Dispersion Delivery Systems with Solubilizing Carriers Improving the Solubility and Permeability of Cannabinoids (Cannabidiol, Cannabidiolic Acid, and Cannabichromene) fromPharmaceutics · 2023Article
- An Individuality of Response to Cannabinoids: Challenges in Safety and Efficacy of Cannabis Products.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol medicines for chronic pain and mental health conditions.Inflammopharmacology · 2022Review
- Biophysical Studies and In Vitro Effects of Tumor Cell Lines of Cannabidiol and Its Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Enhancing Endocannabinoid Control of Stress with Cannabidiol.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a hydrophobic non-psychoactive compound with therapeutic characteristics. Animal and human studies have shown its poor oral bioavailability in vivo, and the impact of consuming lipid-soluble CBD with and without food on gut bioaccessibility has not been explored. The purpose of this research was to study the bioaccessibility of CBD after a three-phase upper digestion experiment with and without food, and to test lipase activity with different substrate concentrations. Our results showed that lipase enzyme activity and fatty acid absorption increased in the presence of bile salts, which may also contribute to an increase in CBD bioaccessibility. The food matrix used was a mixture of olive oil and baby food. Overall, the fed-state digestion revealed significantly higher micellarization efficiency for CBD (14.15 ± 0.6% for 10 mg and 22.67 ± 2.1% for 100 mg CBD ingested) than the fasted state digestion of CBD (0.65 ± 0.7% for 10 mg and 0.14 ± 0.1% for 100 mg CBD ingested). The increase in bioaccessibility of CBD with food could be explained by the fact that micelle formation from hydrolyzed lipids aid in bioaccessibility of hydrophobic molecules. In conclusion, the bioaccessibility of CBD depends on the food matrix and the presence of lipase and bile salts.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.