Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34208080›Full record

ReviewPharmaceutics2021

Advanced Static and Dynamic Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques to Investigate Drug Delivery Systems.

Jacopo Cardellini, Arianna Balestri, Costanza Montis, Debora Berti

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Advances in Cellular and Molecular Biology Assays: A Review of Gold Standard Methods.International journal of innovative science and research technology · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
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  7. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Jacopo CardelliniDepartment of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Florence, Italy.
Arianna BalestriDepartment of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Florence, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2306-9487
Costanza MontisDepartment of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Florence, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6960-3772
Debora BertiDepartment of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Florence, Italy.
University of Florence · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In the past decade(s), fluorescence microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) have been widely employed to investigate biological and biomimetic systems for pharmaceutical applications, to determine the localization of drugs in tissues or entire organisms or the extent of their cellular uptake (in vitro). However, the diffraction limit of light, which limits the resolution to hundreds of nanometers, has for long time restricted the extent and quality of information and insight achievable through these techniques. The advent of super-resolution microscopic techniques, recognized with the 2014 Nobel prize in Chemistry, revolutionized the field thanks to the possibility to achieve nanometric resolution, i.e., the typical scale length of chemical and biological phenomena. Since then, fluorescence microscopy-related techniques have acquired renewed interest for the scientific community, both from the perspective of instrument/techniques development and from the perspective of the advanced scientific applications. In this contribution we will review the application of these techniques to the field of drug delivery, discussing how the latest advancements of static and dynamic methodologies have tremendously expanded the experimental opportunities for the characterization of drug delivery systems and for the understanding of their behaviour in biologically relevant environments.

Indexed as

drug deliveryFCSFRAPlight-sheet microscopynanoscopyPALMparticle trackingSTEDSTORMsuper-resolution fluorescence microscopyTIRF

Identifiers

PMID34208080
PMCPMC8230741
OpenAlexW3169964807

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.