Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34208067›Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2021

A Review of Completed and Ongoing Complement Inhibitor Trials for Geographic Atrophy Secondary to Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Omar A Halawa, Jonathan B Lin, Joan W Miller, Demetrios G Vavvas

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06499571 (G.A.L.T.O.S. Geographic Atrophy Long-Terms Outcomes Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
7.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06499571 completednot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

G.A.L.T.O.S. Geographic Atrophy Long-Terms Outcomes Study: An Ambispective Noninterventional Study to Describe the Patient Demographics and Outcomes of Patients With Geographic Atrophy (GA) Secondary to AMD in Clinical Practice

TypeobservationalSponsorApellis Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Ran2022 to 2023Enrolled255ConditionsGeographic Atrophy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Intravitreal injection delivered volume under different environmental and training conditions.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026
    Article
  3. Complement in brain and eye disease: shared mechanisms, convergent pathologies, and common therapeutic opportunities.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Observational
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Novel Insights into Factor D Inhibition.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Association of Blood Group Antigen CD59 with Disease.Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie · 2022
    Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Omar A HalawaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Jonathan B LinDepartment of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Joan W MillerDepartment of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Demetrios G VavvasDepartment of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary · USHarvard University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness among older adults in the Western world. While therapies exist for patients with exudative AMD, there are currently no approved therapies for non-exudative AMD and its advanced form of geographic atrophy (GA). The discovery of genetic variants in complement protein loci with increased susceptibility to AMD has led to the investigation of the role of complement inhibition in AMD with a focus on GA. Here, we review completed and ongoing clinical trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of these studies. Overall, complement inhibition in GA has yielded mixed results. The inhibition of complement factor D has failed pivotal phase 3 trials. Studies of C3 and C5 inhibition meeting their primary endpoint are limited by high rates of discontinuation and withdrawal in the treatment arm and higher risks of conversion to exudative AMD. Studies evaluating other complement members (CFB, CFH, CFI and inhibitors of membrane attack complex-CD59) are ongoing and could offer other viable strategies.

Indexed as

age-related macular degenerationAMDC3C5complement inhibitorsexudationexudative AMDFactor Dwet AMD

Identifiers

PMID34208067
PMCPMC8230644
OpenAlexW3168366002

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.