ArticleAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2021
An Assessment of the Impact of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic on National Antimicrobial Consumption in Jordan.
Article in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on antibiotic consumption: A systematic review comparing 2019 and 2020 data.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Novel green UPLC method with life cycle assessment for determination of favipiravir and molnupiravir drugs and environmental water samples.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Occurrence of antibacterials, antivirals, and anti-inflammatory pharmaceuticals for COVID-19 treatment as emerging contaminants in the Chinese freshwater environment before, during and after the pandemic: the need for dynamic eco-pharmacovigilance.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2026Review
- Evaluating Jordan's antimicrobial resistance national action plan (2018-2022) implementation: progress and recommendations.BMC public health · 2025Article
- A Retrospective Study of the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Utilization and Quality of Antibiotic Use in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Low-Resource Settings.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Antibiogram Pattern ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Comparative assessment of antibacterial drugs used at the hospital level before and during COVID-19, according to the WHO AWaRe classification.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Determining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the consumption of antibiotics in Shaanxi province, China: an interrupted time-series analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- How did the COVID-19 pandemic affect antibiotic consumption within humanitarian emergencies? Results from five humanitarian contexts.Infection prevention in practice · 2024Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Antibiotic Consumption in a Secondary Care Hospital in Mexico.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Trend of Antibiotic Consumption After the COVID-19 Pandemic: Approach to Future Outbreaks.Infection and drug resistance · 2024Article
- Article
- Pharmacoepidemiological Analysis of Antibacterial Agents Used in a Provisional Hospital in Aktobe, Kazakhstan, in the Context of COVID-19: A Comparison with the Pre-Pandemic Period.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Overview of Availability, Cost, and Affordability of Antibiotics for Adults in Jordan: An AWaRe Classification Perspective.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- RETRACTED: Empowering Low- and Middle-Income Countries to Combat AMR by Minimal Use of Antibiotics: A Way Forward.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Overprescription of antibiotics for treating hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A systematic review & meta-analysis.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Carbapenem use correlates with percentage of patients with COVID-19 in intensive care units.Infection · 2023Article
- Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Antibiotic Utilisation in Malaysian Primary Care Clinics: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Reporting Antimicrobial-Related Adverse Drug Events in Jordan: An Analysis from the VigiBase Database.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Antibiotic Utilization during COVID-19: Are We Over-Prescribing?Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has overlapping clinical characteristics with bacterial respiratory tract infection, leading to the prescription of potentially unnecessary antibiotics. This study aimed at measuring changes and patterns of national antimicrobial use for one year preceding and one year during the COVID-19 pandemic. Annual national antimicrobial consumption for 2019 and 2020 was obtained from the Jordan Food and Drug Administration (JFDA) following the WHO surveillance methods. The WHO Access, Watch, and Reserve (AWaRe) classification was used. Total antibiotic consumption in 2020 (26.8 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day) decreased by 5.5% compared to 2019 (28.4 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day). There was an increase in the use of several antibiotics during 2020 compared with 2019 (third generation cephalosporins (19%), carbapenems (52%), macrolides (57%), and lincosamides (106%)). In 2020, there was a marked reduction in amoxicillin use (-53%), while the use of azithromycin increased by 74%. National antimicrobial consumption of the Access group decreased by 18% from 2019 to 2020 (59.1% vs. 48.1% of total consumption). The use of the Watch group increased in 2020 by 26%. The study highlighted an increase in the use of certain antibiotics during the pandemic period that are known to be associated with increasing resistance. Efforts to enhance national antimicrobial stewardship are needed to ensure rational use of antimicrobials.
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