ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Tumor-Associated Macrophages as Multifaceted Regulators of Breast Tumor Growth.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 116 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
116 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 195 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of prehabilitation on postoperative outcomes in patients with upper gastrointestinal tract cancer: meta-analysis.BJS open · 2025Pooled it
- Multi-omic Profiling of Recurrence Risk Across Breast Cancer Subtypes.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Combined fat and sugar intake reshapes the tumor microenvironment through hypoxia and lipogenic pathways in breast cancer.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- C-type lectin domain family 5 member A-mediated activation of macrophages via a bispecific antibody enhances anti-HER2 therapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- A prediction model of gastric cancer based on M2-like tumor-associated macrophage infiltration verified by immunohistochemistry.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Harnessing pyroptosis in breast cancer therapy: immunological mechanisms and emerging biomaterial strategies.Cell death discovery · 2026Review
- Multi-omics study on tumor-associated macrophages remodeling the tumor microenvironment via the CXCL5-CXCR2 axis to drive immune escape in bladder cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Monocyte distribution width in breast cancer: Results from a retrospective exploratory pilot study.Molecular and clinical oncology · 2026Article
- Targeting inflammatory microenvironments: overcoming therapy resistance and immunosuppression.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- The contribution of phenolic endocrine-disrupting chemicals to breast cancer risk: A comprehensive bioinformatics analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Immunosuppressive macrophages determine the effect of cellular senescence on tumor progression.Science advances · 2026Article
- Advances in Metabolic Reprogramming and Immune Regulatory Mechanisms in Lung Cancer.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Role of lactylation-induced macrophage failed phenotypic switching in sustaining inflammation of diabetic wounds.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- UNC93B1 drives IL-6/STAT3-dependent tumor-macrophage crosstalk and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Article
- Mitigating radioresistance mechanisms by polymer-lipid manganese dioxide nanoparticles enhances immunogenic cell death and antitumor immune response to facilitate abscopal effect in breast tumor models.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- The Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Metabolic Reprogramming, Tumor microenvironment, and Macrophage Regulation: Mechanisms and Advances in Preclinical Studies.Journal of Cancer · 2026Review
- Macrophages in obesity-related breast cancer: mechanistic insights and therapeutic opportunities.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Review
- Review
56 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women of Western countries and is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The breast tumor microenvironment contains immune cells, fibroblasts, adipocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, and extracellular matrix. Among these cells, macrophages or tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the major components of the breast cancer microenvironment. TAMs facilitate metastasis of the breast tumor and are responsible for poor clinical outcomes. High TAM density was also found liable for the poor prognosis of breast cancer. These observations make altering TAM function a potential therapeutic target to treat breast cancer. The present review summarizes the origin of TAMs, mechanisms of macrophage recruitment and polarization in the tumor, and the contributions of TAMs in tumor progression. We have also discussed our current knowledge about TAM-targeted therapies and the roles of miRNAs and exosomes in re-educating TAM function.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.