Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34206758›Full record

ArticlePharmaceutics2021

Investigation on the Composition of Agarose-Collagen I Blended Hydrogels as Matrices for the Growth of Spheroids from Breast Cancer Cell Lines.

Alessandra Quarta, Nunzia Gallo, Daniele Vergara, Luca Salvatore, Concetta Nobile, Andrea Ragusa, Antonio Gaballo

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Biomimetic Scaffold-Based 3D Models for Decoding Cancer Biology and Advancing Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Applications of Hydrogels in Emergency Therapy.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Novel Anticancer Strategies II.Pharmaceutics · 2023
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Multiple Cell Cultures for MRI Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Review
  17. Polymeric Hydrogels for In Vitro 3D Ovarian Cancer Modeling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Review
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Alessandra QuartaCNR Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1911-9864
Nunzia GalloDepartment of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1810-7917
Daniele VergaraDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2396-7674
Luca SalvatoreDepartment of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6747-2473
Concetta NobileCNR Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
Andrea RagusaCNR Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2198-6185
Antonio GaballoCNR Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2104-1568
University of Salento · ITIstituto Nanoscienze · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems mimic the structural complexity of the tissue microenvironment and are gaining increasing importance as they resemble the extracellular matrix (ECM)-cell and cell-cell physical interactions occurring in vivo. Several scaffold-based culture systems have been already proposed as valuable tools for large-scale production of spheroids, but they often suffer of poor reproducibility or high costs of production. In this work, we present a reliable 3D culture system based on collagen I-blended agarose hydrogels and show how the variation in the agarose percentage affects the physical and mechanical properties of the resulting hydrogel. The influence of the different physical and mechanical properties of the blended hydrogels on the growth, size, morphology, and cell motility of the spheroids obtained by culturing three different breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-361, and MDA-MB-231) was also evaluated. As proof of concept, the cisplatin penetration and its cytotoxic effect on the tumor spheroids as function of the hydrogel stiffness were also investigated. Noteworthily, the possibility to recover the spheroids from the hydrogels for further processing and other biological studies has been considered. This feature, in addition to the ease of preparation, the lack of cross-linking chemistry and the high reproducibility, makes this hydrogel a reliable biomimetic matrix for the growth of 3D cell structures.

Indexed as

agarosebreast cancercancer therapycisplatincollagenhydrogelmammary spheroidsspheroidstissue engineeringtumoroids

Identifiers

PMID34206758
PMCPMC8308953
OpenAlexW3176618300

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.