Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34205990›Full record

ArticlePharmaceutics2021

Ultrasound-Triggered Release of 5-Fluorouracil from Soy Lecithin Echogenic Liposomes.

Charles Izuchukwu Ezekiel, Alain Murhimalika Bapolisi, Roderick Bryan Walker, Rui Werner Maçedo Krause

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Charles Izuchukwu EzekielDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, Eastern Cape, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0003-3725-9596
Alain Murhimalika BapolisiDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, Eastern Cape, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0003-1975-0517
Roderick Bryan WalkerDivision of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, Eastern Cape, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0003-2781-4154
Rui Werner Maçedo KrauseDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, Eastern Cape, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-6788-6449

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of death. The use of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has been the major chemotherapeutic treatment for colorectal cancer patients. However, the efficacy of 5-FU is limited by drug resistance, and bone marrow toxicity through high-level expression of thymidylate synthase, justifying the need for improvement of the therapeutic index. In this study, the effects of ultrasound on echogenic 5-FU encapsulated crude soy liposomes were investigated for their potential to address these challenges. Liposomes were prepared by thin-film hydration using crude soy lecithin and cholesterol. Argon gas was entrapped in the liposomes for sonosensitivity (that is, responsiveness to ultrasound). The nanoparticles were characterized for particle size and morphology. The physicochemical properties were also evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction. The release profile of 5-FU was assessed with and without 20 kHz low-frequency ultrasound waves at various amplitudes and exposure times. The result reveal that 5-FU-loaded liposomes were spherical with an encapsulation efficiency of approximately 60%. Approximately 65% of 5-FU was released at the highest amplitude and exposure time was investigated. The results are encouraging for the stimulated and controlled release of 5-FU for the management of colorectal cancer.

Indexed as

5-fluorouracilcolorectal cancerliposomessoy lecithinstimuli responseultrasound

Identifiers

PMID34205990
PMCPMC8229429

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.