Trial reportInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Effects of Green Color Exposure on Stress, Anxiety, and Pain during Peripheral Intravenous Cannulation in Dental Patients Requiring Sedation.
Trial report in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Non-pharmacological and physical strategies for managing dental anxiety: a systematic review with implications for dental education.Public health reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Green Light Therapy for Pain and Pain-Related Psychosocial Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Human Studies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Physiological and Subjective Measures Associated with Withdrawal from Intravenous Sedation in Dental Phobia: A Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Effects of Different Visual Color Stimuli on Stress Responses in Patients with Dental Phobia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Evaluating the Potential of Green Light Exposure on Nociception-A Mini Review.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2024Review
- Creating the ICU of the future: patient-centred design to optimise recovery.Critical care (London, England) · 2023Article
- The Influence of Light Wavelength on Human HPA Axis Rhythms: A Systematic Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Case Report: Green Light Exposure Relieves Chronic Headache Pain in a Colorblind Patient.Clinical medicine insights. Case reports · 2022Article
- The Effect of Color Therapy on Anxiety in Chemotherapy Patients Attending the Oncology Department: A Randomized Clinical Trial.SAGE open nursingArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Intravenous cannulation is an invasive procedure that causes stress, anxiety, and pain for many patients. A recent animal study found that exposure to green light induced antinociceptive and anxiolytic effects. This study examined whether green color exposure reduced stress, anxiety, and pain during peripheral intravenous cannulation (PIC) for sedation in dental patients. In this controlled clinical trial, 24 patients (mean age 40.9 years) were randomized to wear clear glasses or green-colored glasses for 15 min before PIC on two separate days in a cross-over manner. The primary outcome measures were salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) activity and stress-related hemodynamic changes, and the secondary outcome measures were the visual analog scale anxiety (VAS-A) and pain (VAS-P) scores during PIC. The sAA level in the clear group significantly increased during PIC compared with baseline, but did not increase in the green group. Median VAS-P scores during PIC were lower in the green group than in the clear group (VAS-P, 17.0 vs. 50.0). Green color exposure with glasses significantly reduced stress and pain during PIC without any adverse effects. This simple, safe, and effective method may be useful during painful medical procedures.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.