ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
An Update on the Pathophysiology and Diagnosis of Inappropriate Secretion of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spuriously Elevated Free Thyroxine Due to Fibrin Interference in a Patient Receiving Apixaban: A Case Report and Literature Review.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Review
- Review
- Impacts of new sex- and age-specific TSH and FT4 reference ranges on thyroid status and metabolic disorder associations.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Review
- Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma: Two Cases With Challenging Diagnosis and Management.Case reports in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Pars Distalis and Pars Tuberalis Thyroid-Stimulating Hormones and Their Roles in Macro-Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Formation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- A case of mood disorder with severe side effects of antidepressants in association with resistance to thyroid hormone beta with a THRB mutation.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2022Article
- Combination of transsphenoidal endoscopic surgery and presurgical somatostatin analogs in thyrotropin (TSH)-secreting pituitary adenomas: Treatment outcome and long-term remission at a single pituitary center.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Inappropriate secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (IST), also known as central hyperthyroidism, is a clinical condition characterized by elevated free thyroxine and triiodothyronine concentrations concurrent with detectable thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations. Similarly, the term syndrome of IST (SITSH) is widely used in Japan to refer to a closely related condition; however, unlike that for IST, an elevated serum free triiodothyronine concentration is not a requisite criterion for SITSH diagnosis. IST or SITSH is an important indicator of resistance to thyroid hormone β (RTHβ) caused by germline mutations in genes encoding thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ) and TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma. Recent evidence has accumulated for several conditions associated with IST, including RTH without mutations in the TRβ gene (non-TR-RTH), the phenomenon of hysteresis involving the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis (HPT-axis), methodological interference, and Cushing's syndrome after surgical resection. However, little information is available on the systematic pathophysiological aspects of IST in previous review articles. This report presents an overview of the recent advances in our understanding of the etiological aspects of IST that are relevant for diagnosis and treatment. Moreover, the report focuses on the potential mechanism of IST caused by hysteresis in the HPT-axis (lagging TSH recovery) in terms of epigenetic regulation.
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