ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Combined OX40 Agonist and PD-1 Inhibitor Immunotherapy Improves the Efficacy of Vascular Targeted Photodynamic Therapy in a Urothelial Tumor Model.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Anticancer Drug Therapy in the Treatment of Malignant Neoplasms.Cells · 2026Review
- Overcoming resistant cancerous tumors through combined photodynamic and immunotherapy (photoimmunotherapy).Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Research advances in immune agonists and their nanoparticles for enhancing the immunotherapeutic efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors in malignancies.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Photodynamic Therapy: Current Trends and Potential Future Role in the Treatment of Bladder Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Sex-specific outcomes in cancer therapy: the central role of hormones.Frontiers in medical technology · 2024Review
- Reprogramming of regulatory T cells in inflammatory tumor microenvironment: can it become immunotherapy turning point?Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Anti-tumor immunity enhancement by photodynamic therapy with talaporfin sodium and anti-programmed death 1 antibody.Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2023Article
- Macrophage activity at the site of tumor ablation can promote murine urothelial cancerFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Nanomaterials-Based Photodynamic Therapy with Combined Treatment Improves Antitumor Efficacy Through Boosting Immunogenic Cell Death.International journal of nanomedicine · 2021Review
- Selectivity and anti-tumor immune elevation by vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy of mouse orthotopic bladder cancer model.Photochemistry and photobiologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeVascular targeted photodynamic therapy (VTP) is a nonsurgical tumor ablation approach used to treat early-stage prostate cancer and may also be effective for upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) based on preclinical data. Toward increasing response rates to VTP, we evaluated its efficacy in combination with concurrent PD-1 inhibitor/OX40 agonist immunotherapy in a urothelial tumor-bearing model. EXPERIMENTAL
designIn mice allografted with MB-49 UTUC cells, we compared the effects of combined VTP with PD-1 inhibitor/OX40 agonist with those of the component treatments on tumor growth, survival, lung metastasis, and antitumor immune responses.
resultsThe combination of VTP with both PD-1 inhibitor and OX40 agonist inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival to a greater degree than VTP with either immunotherapeutic individually. These effects result from increased tumor infiltration and intratumoral proliferation of cytotoxic and helper T cells, depletion of Treg cells, and suppression of myeloid-derived suppressor cells.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that VTP synergizes with PD-1 blockade and OX40 agonist to promote strong antitumor immune responses, yielding therapeutic efficacy in an animal model of urothelial cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.