ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Implementation of Gender Identity and Assigned Sex at Birth Data Collection in Electronic Health Records: Where Are We Now?
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- When algorithms infer gender: revisiting computational phenotyping with electronic health records data.Biology of sex differences · 2025Review
- Targeted intervention and monitoring of sex assigned at birth, sexual orientation, and gender identity data scale-up: the intersection of research, policy, and patient care.Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs · 2025Article
- Factors Associated with Completeness of Sex and Gender Fields in Electronic Health Records.LGBT health · 2025Observational
- Sex and gender in palliative and end-of-life care: A service evaluation and qualitative analysis.Palliative care and social practice · 2025Article
- Intersectionality matters: Building on analysis of sex and gender in end-of-life care.Palliative care and social practice · 2025Article
- Impact of sex used for assignment of reference intervals in a population of patients taking gender-affirming hormones.Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology · 2024Article
- Sexual and Gender Minority Status and Suicide Mortality: An Explainable Artificial Intelligence Analysis.International journal of public health · 2024Article
- Identifying and Characterizing the Transgender and Nonbinary Population Presenting to Pediatric Psychiatry Emergency Services.AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science proceedings. AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science · 2024Article
- Database quality assessment in research in paramedicine: a scoping review.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2023Article
- Assessing the accuracy of electronic health record gender identity and REaL data at an academic medical center.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Article
- Informatics and data science approaches address significant public health problems.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2023Article
- Words matter: The language of difference in human genetics.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2023Article
- Transgender Individuals and Digital Health.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2022Review
- Sex trouble: Sex/gender slippage, sex confusion, and sex obsession in machine learning using electronic health records.Patterns (New York, N.Y.) · 2022Review
- Special Section on Inclusive Digital Health: Notable Papers on Addressing Bias, Equity, and Literacy to Strengthen Health Systems.Yearbook of medical informatics · 2022Article
- Pediatric sexual orientation and gender identity data collection in the electronic health record.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2022Article
- Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Data Reporting Among U.S. Health Centers.American journal of preventive medicine · 2022Article
- Sex and Gender Equity in Prehospital Electrocardiogram Acquisition.Prehospital and disaster medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In 2015, the United States Department of Health and Human Services instantiated rules mandating the inclusion of sexual orientation and gender identity (SO/GI) data fields for systems certified under Stage 3 of the Meaningful Use of Electronic Health Records (EHR) program. To date, no published assessments have benchmarked implementation penetration and data quality. To establish a benchmark for a U.S. health system collection of gender identity and sex assigned at birth, we analyzed one urban academic health center's EHR data; specifically, the records of patients with unplanned hospital admissions during 2020 (N = 49,314). Approximately one-quarter of patient records included gender identity data, and one percent of them indicated a transgender or nonbinary (TGNB) status. Data quality checks suggested limited provider literacy around gender identity as well as limited provider and patient comfort levels with gender identity disclosures. Improvements are needed in both provider and patient literacy and comfort around gender identity in clinical settings. To include TGNB populations in informatics-based research, additional novel approaches, such as natural language processing, may be needed for more comprehensive and representative TGNB cohort discovery. Community and stakeholder engagement around gender identity data collection and health research will likely improve these implementation efforts.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.