Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34205120›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Hemorrhage Detection Based on 3D CNN Deep Learning Framework and Feature Fusion for Evaluating Retinal Abnormality in Diabetic Patients.

Sarmad Maqsood, Robertas Damaševičius, Rytis Maskeliūnas

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
8.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.

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  9. Drusen-aware model for age-related macular degeneration recognition.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Sarmad MaqsoodDepartment of Software Engineering, Kaunas University of Technology, 51368 Kaunas, Lithuania.ORCID 0000-0002-1775-2589
Robertas DamaševičiusDepartment of Software Engineering, Kaunas University of Technology, 51368 Kaunas, Lithuania.ORCID 0000-0001-9990-1084
Rytis MaskeliūnasDepartment of Applied Informatics, Vytautas Magnus University, 44404 Kaunas, Lithuania.ORCID 0000-0002-2809-2213
Kaunas University of Technology · LTSilesian University of Technology · PL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the main cause of blindness in diabetic patients. Early and accurate diagnosis can improve the analysis and prognosis of the disease. One of the earliest symptoms of DR are the hemorrhages in the retina. Therefore, we propose a new method for accurate hemorrhage detection from the retinal fundus images. First, the proposed method uses the modified contrast enhancement method to improve the edge details from the input retinal fundus images. In the second stage, a new convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture is proposed to detect hemorrhages. A modified pre-trained CNN model is used to extract features from the detected hemorrhages. In the third stage, all extracted feature vectors are fused using the convolutional sparse image decomposition method, and finally, the best features are selected by using the multi-logistic regression controlled entropy variance approach. The proposed method is evaluated on 1509 images from HRF, DRIVE, STARE, MESSIDOR, DIARETDB0, and DIARETDB1 databases and achieves the average accuracy of 97.71%, which is superior to the previous works. Moreover, the proposed hemorrhage detection system attains better performance, in terms of visual quality and quantitative analysis with high accuracy, in comparison with the state-of-the-art methods.

Indexed as

Deep LearningDiabetes MellitusAlgorithmsFundus OculiHemorrhageHumansNeural Networks, ComputerRetinadeep learningdiabetic retinopathyfeature fusionhemorrhage detectionmedical image processingretinal fundus image

Identifiers

PMID34205120
PMCPMC8199947
OpenAlexW3166253025

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.