ReviewNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Exosomes as Naturally Occurring Vehicles for Delivery of Biopharmaceuticals: Insights from Drug Delivery to Clinical Perspectives.
Review in Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 112 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
112 citing papers in PubMed, 190 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biology and Therapeutic Potential of Exosomes, Targeted Drug Delivery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Liensinine-loaded extracellular vesicles mitigate osteoporosis through inhibition of NF-κB signaling and calcium oscillations in osteoclasts.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2026Article
- Bridging the Lab-to-Clinic Gap in Intranasal Nanomaterial-Based Chemotherapy for Glioblastoma.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicles in Diffuse Midline Glioma: Emerging Mediators of Radiation Response and Therapeutic Resistance.Cancers · 2026Review
- Transforming Duchenne muscular dystrophy therapy: The multifaceted role of extracellular vesicles and exosomes.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Review
- Exosome-loaded nanoradiosensitizers in radiotherapy for preventing post-irradiation tumor recurrence: mechanisms, preclinical evidence, and translational challenges.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Engineered Exosomes: Innovative Strategies for Precision Drug Delivery in Parkinson's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Unveiling the Potential of Plant-derived Exosomes: A Comprehensive Review.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- Plant-derived extracellular vesicles as tools and targets for inflammatory diseases.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Unravelling Epigenetic Modulation via MicroRNA Delivery: A Therapeutic Frontier for Alzheimer's.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Current trends in exosomes as therapeutic drug delivery systems.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Article
- Electrochemical Biosensors for Exosome Detection: Current Advances, Challenges, and Prospects for Glaucoma Diagnosis.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Microvesicles, exosomes and their combinations with cytoplasmic organelles: from their discovery to their innovative roles in clinical medicine.Biology direct · 2026Review
- Engineered Exosomal miRNAs for Post-Stroke Neural Repair: Mechanisms, Delivery Strategies, and Translational Challenges.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Exosomes in aging and age-related disorders: mechanisms, therapeutic potentials, and challenges.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Diverse RNAs in human umbilical cord-derived exosomes and their therapeutic potential.RNA biology · 2025Review
- Article
- Role of microRNA in Diabetic Osteoporosis.Molecular biotechnology · 2025Review
52 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Exosomes as nanosized vesicles are emerging as drug delivery systems for therapeutics owing to their natural origin, their ability to mediate intercellular communication, and their potential to encapsulate various biological molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids within the lipid bilayer membrane or in the lumen. Exosomes contain endogenous components (proteins, lipids, RNA) that could be used to deliver cargoes to target cells, offering an opportunity to diagnose and treat various diseases. Owing to their ability to travel safely in extracellular fluid and to transport cargoes to target cells with high efficacy, exosomes offer enhanced delivery of cargoes in vivo. However, several challenges related to the stabilization of the exosomes, the production of sufficient amounts of exosomes with safety and efficacy, the efficient loading of drugs into exosomes, the clearance of exosomes from circulation, and the transition from the bench scale to clinical production may limit their development and clinical use. For the clinical use of exosomes, it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms behind the transport and function of exosome vesicles. This review exploits techniques related to the isolation and characterization of exosomes and their drug delivery potential to enhance the therapeutic outcome and stabilization methods. Further, routes of administration, clinical trials, and regulatory aspects of exosomes will be discussed in this review.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.