ArticleDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Development and Proof of Concept of a Low-Cost Ultrasound Training Model for Diagnosis of Giant Cell Arteritis Using 3D Printing.
Article in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Innovations in ultrasound training in obstetrics.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2025Review
- OMERACT GCA phantom project: validation of a 3D-printed ultrasound training phantom for diagnosis of giant cell arteritis.RMD open · 2025Article
- Development of a 3D-printed nuchal translucency model: a pilot study for prenatal ultrasound training.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesCurrently, ultrasound (US) is widely used for the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis (GCA). Our aim was to develop a low-cost US training model for diagnosis of GCA of the temporal and axillary artery using a modern 3D printing system.
methodsWe designed an US training model, which enables measurement of the intima-media thickness (IMT) of temporal and axillary arteries using Autodesk Fusion360. This model was printed using a modern 3D printer (Formlabs Form3) and embedded in ballistic gelatine. The ultrasound images including measurement of the IMT by ultrasound specialists in GCA were compared to ultrasound images in acute GCA and healthy subjects.
resultsOur ultrasound training model of the axillary and temporal artery displayed a very similar ultrasound morphology compared to real US images and fulfilled the OMERACT ultrasound definitions of normal and pathological temporal and axillary arteries in GCA. The IMT measurements were in line with published cut-off values for normal and pathological IMT values in GCA and healthy individuals. When testing the models on blinded US specialists in GCA, they were identified correctly in all test rounds with an intra-class coefficient of 0.99.
conclusionThe production of low-cost ultrasound training models of normal and pathological temporal and axillary arteries in GCA, which fulfil the OMERACT ultrasound definitions and adhere to the published IMT cut-off values in GCA, is feasible. Ultrasound specialists identified each respective model correctly in every case.
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