ArticleNutrients2021
A Three-Year Longitudinal Study Comparing Bone Mass, Density, and Geometry Measured by DXA, pQCT, and Bone Turnover Markers in Children with PKU Taking L-Amino Acid or Glycomacropeptide Protein Substitutes.
Article in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global Use of Casein Glycomacropeptide Protein Substitutes for Phenylketonuria (PKU): Health Professional Perspectives.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Quantitative Ultrasound for the Assessment of Bone Quality in Hyperphenylalaninemia/Phenylketonuria Patients: Vitamin D Supplementation Versus No Supplementation.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Evaluation of bone mineral density and biochemical markers in pediatric patients with phenylketonuria.Molecular genetics and metabolism reports · 2024Article
- Glycomacropeptide-Based Protein Substitutes for Children with Phenylketonuria in Italy: A Nutritional Comparison.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Creatine energy substrate increases bone density in the PahMolecular genetics and metabolism reports · 2023Article
- Evaluation of a New Glycomacropeptide-Based Protein Substitute in Powdered and Liquid Format in Patients with PKU.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Glycomacropeptide in PKU-Does It Live Up to Its Potential?Nutrients · 2022Review
- Article
- Initial results from the PHEFREE longitudinal natural history study: Cross-sectional observations in a cohort of individuals with phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) deficiency.Molecular genetics and metabolismArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In patients with phenylketonuria (PKU), treated by diet therapy only, evidence suggests that areal bone mineral density (BMDa) is within the normal clinical reference range but is below the population norm.
aimsTo study longitudinal bone density, mass, and geometry over 36 months in children with PKU taking either amino acid (L-AA) or casein glycomacropeptide substitutes (CGMP-AA) as their main protein source. METHODOLOGY: A total of 48 subjects completed the study, 19 subjects in the L-AA group (median age 11.1, range 5-16 years) and 29 subjects in the CGMP-AA group (median age 8.3, range 5-16 years). The CGMP-AA was further divided into two groups, CGMP100 (median age 9.2, range 5-16 years) (
resultsNo statistically significant differences were found between the three groups for DXA outcome parameters, i.e., BMDa (L2-L4 BMDa g/cm
conclusionsBone density was clinically normal, although the median z scores were below the population mean. BTM showed active bone turnover and blood biochemistry was within the reference ranges. There appeared to be no advantage to bone density, mass, or geometry from taking a macropeptide-based protein substitute as compared with L-AAs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.