ReviewCancers2021
Challenges and Opportunities in the Statistical Analysis of Multiplex Immunofluorescence Data.
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Unveiling the role of NAD glycohydrolase CD38 in aging and age-related diseases: insights from bibliometric analysis and comprehensive review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- STING expression in pituitary neuroendocrine tumour immune microenvironments.Endocrine-related cancer · 2026Article
- Ovarian cancer tumor immune profiles associated with intrauterine device and oral contraceptive use.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Evaluating statistical models for overdispersed multiomics data: a multiplex immunofluorescence case study.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- CT-Based Radiomics for Prediction of Molecular Markers in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Differences in T-cell Densities and Neighborhood Patterns in Human Colorectal Adenomas and Sessile Serrated Lesions.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026Article
- Resolving phenotyping discordance with SPACEMAP, an integrated machine learning framework.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Perceived discrimination, trust in physicians, and their associations with ovarian cancer mortality among women in the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Article
- Quantile index predictors using R package hyper.gam.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Quantitative benchmarking of nuclear segmentation algorithms in multiplexed immunofluorescence imaging for translational studies.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Associations between Parity, History of Breastfeeding, and T-cell Profile of Ovarian Tumors.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- Article
- Benchmarking Spatial Co-Localization Methods for Single-Cell Multiplex Imaging Data with Applications to High-Grade Serous Ovarian and Triple Negative Breast Cancer.Statistics and data science in imaging · 2025Article
- Bibliometric and visualized analysis of global distribution and research frontiers in tumor immune escape.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- A flexible systems analysis pipeline for elucidating spatial relationships in the tumor microenvironment linked with cellular phenotypes and patient-level features.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- DNA-directed immobilization fluorescent immunoarray for multiplexed antibiotic residue determination in milk.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2024Article
- Statistical analysis of multiple regions-of-interest in multiplexed spatial proteomics data.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2024Article
- Relational Persistent Homology for Multispecies Data with Application to the Tumor Microenvironment.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2024Article
- A Spatial Omnibus Test (SPOT) for Spatial Proteomic Data.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Lifetime Exposure to Cigarette Smoke, B-Cell Tumor Immune Infiltration, and Immunoglobulin Abundance in Ovarian Tumors.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Immune modulation is considered a hallmark of cancer initiation and progression. The recent development of immunotherapies has ushered in a new era of cancer treatment. These therapeutics have led to revolutionary breakthroughs; however, the efficacy of immunotherapy has been modest and is often restricted to a subset of patients. Hence, identification of which cancer patients will benefit from immunotherapy is essential. Multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) microscopy allows for the assessment and visualization of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). The data output following image and machine learning analyses for cell segmenting and phenotyping consists of the following information for each tumor sample: the number of positive cells for each marker and phenotype(s) of interest, number of total cells, percent of positive cells for each marker, and spatial locations for all measured cells. There are many challenges in the analysis of mIF data, including many tissue samples with zero positive cells or "zero-inflated" data, repeated measurements from multiple TMA cores or tissue slides per subject, and spatial analyses to determine the level of clustering and co-localization between the cell types in the TIME. In this review paper, we will discuss the challenges in the statistical analysis of mIF data and opportunities for further research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.