ArticleDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2021
The Role of Cytology in the Diagnosis of Subcentimeter Thyroid Lesions.
Article in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Histopathologic and ancillary findings of subcentimeter thyroid nodules diagnosed as follicular neoplasms: a retrospective institutional study.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Diagnostic comparison of TI-RADS and a nomogram for thyroid nodules in Northwestern China.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- The shifting paradigm of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: from pathology to clinical practice.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2026Review
- The role of artificial intelligence in thyroid cytology of indeterminate nodules: from digital cytology to multimodal precision triage.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Risk factors and predictive nomograms for early mortality in patients with thyroid cancer lung metastasis based on the SEER database and a Chinese population study.Gland surgery · 2025Article
- The Efficacy of Radiofrequency Ablation in Treating Nonmetastatic Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case Study.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Prognostic role of the BRAF V600E variant in the preoperative biopsy in differentiated thyroid cancer.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025Article
- The relationship between the extent of extrathyroidal extension and lymph node metastasis based on propensity score matching analysis.Gland surgery · 2025Article
- Thermal ablation for papillary thyroid carcinoma in the isthmus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Gland surgery · 2025Article
- Preoperative multiparametric ultrasound for the prediction of central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- ER Stress Is Associated with a "Mesenchymal Drift" in an Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Line.Cancers · 2025Article
- Correlation between ultrasound calcification patterns, and clinicopathological factors and recurrence risk in papillary thyroid carcinoma.Gland surgery · 2025Article
- Article
- Artificial intelligence-enhanced ultrasound imaging for thyroid nodule detection and malignancy classification: a study on YOLOv11.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Article
- A predictive model using platelets and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for the number of lymph node metastases in papillary thyroid carcinoma: a retrospective analysis.Gland surgery · 2025Article
- Can Artificial Intelligence Software be Utilised for Thyroid Multi-Disciplinary Team Outcomes?Clinical otolaryngology : official journal of ENT-UK ; official journal of Netherlands Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology & Cervico-Facial Surgery · 2025Article
- Clinical Implications of Lymph Node Thyroglobulin in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Metastases: Independent from Thyroglobulin Antibody Interference.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Acute transient thyroid swelling following fine-needle aspiration: a case series and a systematic review.Gland surgery · 2025Article
- Contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with shear wave elastography in the diagnosis of C-TIRADS category 4 thyroid nodules.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Thyroid nodules are common and typically detected by palpation and/or ultrasound (US). Guidelines have defined the management of large nodules, but controversy exists regarding nodules ≤ 1 cm. We evaluated a cohort of patients with subcentimeter nodules to determine their rate of malignancy (ROM). A total of 475 thyroid FNAs of lesions ≤ 1 cm with available follow-up were identified from January 2015-December 2019. For comparative analysis, we added a control series of 606 thyroid lesions larger than 1 cm from the same reference period. All aspirates were processed with liquid-based cytology and classified according to The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC). Subcentimeter nodules were stratified as 35 category I-non-diagnostic cases (ND; 7.3%), 144 category II-benign lesions (BL; 30.3%), 12 category III-atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS; 2.5%), 12 category IV-follicular neoplasm/suspicious for follicular neoplasm (FN/SFN; 2.5%), 124 category V-suspicious for malignancy (SM; 26.1%), and 148 category VI-positive for malignancy (PM; 31.1%). A total of 307 cases (64.6%) underwent subsequent surgery. Only one ND and three BLs had a malignant outcome. ROM for indeterminate lesions (III + IV) was 3.2%; with 1.6% for category III and 3.2% for category IV. ROM for the malignant categories (V + VI) was 88.2%. The control cohort of lesions demonstrated a higher number of benign histological diagnoses (67.3%). We documented that 57.2% of suspected subcentimeter lesions were malignant, with a minor proportion that belonged in indeterminate categories. There were very few ND samples, suggesting that aspirates of subcentimeter lesions yield satisfactory results. Suspected US features in subcentimeter lesions should be evaluated and followed by an interdisciplinary team for appropriate patient management.
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