ArticleMicroorganisms2021
Pathogen Moonlighting Proteins: From Ancestral Key Metabolic Enzymes to Virulence Factors.
Article in Microorganisms, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Extracellular Vesicles ofJournal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Dual-Role GH7 Family Proteins From Verticillium dahliae Function as Virulence Factors and Intracellular Effectors Triggering NLR-Mediated Immunity.Plant, cell & environment · 2026Article
- Moonlighting Proteins: Some Hypotheses on the Structural Origin of Their Multifunctionality.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and Their Bacteriocins for Applications in Food Safety AgainstAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Endocytic tethers modulate unconventional GAPDH secretion.Cell surface (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Molecular Identification and Bioinformatics Analysis ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Moonlighting on the Fasciola hepatica tegument: Enolase, a glycolytic enzyme, interacts with the extracellular matrix and fibrinolytic system of the host.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- LppA is a novel plasminogen receptor of Mycoplasma bovis that contributes to adhesion by binding the host extracellular matrix and Annexin A2.Veterinary research · 2023Article
- Moonlight-like proteins are actually cell wall components in Pseudocercospora fijiensis.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2023Article
- Moonlighting enzymes: when cellular context defines specificity.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Review
- Article
- An alternative vaccine target for bovine Anaplasmosis based on enolase, a moonlighting protein.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Moonlight functions of glycolytic enzymes in cancer.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Review
- Triosephosphate isomerase of Streptococcus pneumoniae is released extracellularly by autolysis and binds to host plasminogen to promote its activation.FEBS open bio · 2022Article
- A multifunctional enolase mediates cytoadhesion and interaction with host plasminogen and fibronectin in Mycoplasma hyorhinis.Veterinary research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Moonlighting and multitasking proteins refer to proteins with two or more functions performed by a single polypeptide chain. An amazing example of the Gain of Function (GoF) phenomenon of these proteins is that 25% of the moonlighting functions of our Multitasking Proteins Database (MultitaskProtDB-II) are related to pathogen virulence activity. Moreover, they usually have a canonical function belonging to highly conserved ancestral key functions, and their moonlighting functions are often involved in inducing extracellular matrix (ECM) protein remodeling. There are three main questions in the context of moonlighting proteins in pathogen virulence: (A) Why are a high percentage of pathogen moonlighting proteins involved in virulence? (B) Why do most of the canonical functions of these moonlighting proteins belong to primary metabolism? Moreover, why are they common in many pathogen species? (C) How are these different protein sequences and structures able to bind the same set of host ECM protein targets, mainly plasminogen (PLG), and colonize host tissues? By means of an extensive bioinformatics analysis, we suggest answers and approaches to these questions. There are three main ideas derived from the work: first, moonlighting proteins are not good candidates for vaccines. Second, several motifs that might be important in the adhesion to the ECM were identified. Third, an overrepresentation of GO codes related with virulence in moonlighting proteins were seen.
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Registered trials
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