ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Regulation of Immune Functions by Non-Neuronal Acetylcholine (ACh) via Muscarinic and Nicotinic ACh Receptors.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroimmune circuits in respiratory pathophysiology: decoding molecular crosstalk for precision therapeutic targeting.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Evaluation of Darifenacin for T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Selective Targeting of the Non-Neuronal Cholinergic System and Lysosomal Cathepsins.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Crosstalk Between Gut Microbiota, Epigenome, and Neurotransmitters in Health and Disease.Cells · 2026Review
- Acetylcholine in Brain-Body Communication: Biological Mechanisms and Physiological Roles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Nicotine Suppresses Human Memory Th Cell Subsets With Preferential Effects on Central Memory Th Cells in an α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor-Dependent Manner.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Nervous and immune system crosstalk shapes cancer progression and treatment response.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Putative acetylcholinesterase genes from a one-host tick species, the winter tick (Dermacentor albipictus).Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Nerve growth factor responsive elements modulate immune cell inflammation and are dysregulated in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Integrative Neuroimmune Role of the Parasympathetic Nervous System, Vagus Nerve and Gut Microbiota in Stress Modulation: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Neuroimmune interactions in inflammatory bowel disease: Role of intestinal macrophages and the cholinergic pathway.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Modulation of Master Transcription Factor Expression of Nile Tilapia Leukocytes via Cholinergic Pathways.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Nanomedicine Solutions for Alzheimer's Disease: A Critical Review of Therapeutic Nanoparticle Strategies.ACS omega · 2025Review
- The role of acetylcholine and its receptors in tumor immune regulation: mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- B cell-derived acetylcholine mitigates skin inflammation in mice through α9 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated signaling.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- The search for a blood-based biomarker for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/ Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS): from biochemistry to electrophysiology.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Specific Mode Electroacupuncture Stimulation Mediates the Delivery of NGF Across the Hippocampus Blood-Brain Barrier Through p65-VEGFA-TJs to Improve the Cognitive Function of MCAO/R Convalescent Rats.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- α9-Containing Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Are Required for RgIA-5474 Attenuation of Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathic Pain.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Article
- The novel orthosteric agonist M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor reveals anti-Alzheimer's disease activity.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Oral Administration ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Electroacupuncture Promotes Liver Regeneration by Activating DMV Acetylcholinergic Neurons-Vagus-Macrophage Axis in 70% Partial Hepatectomy of Mice.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Acetylcholine (ACh) is the classical neurotransmitter in the cholinergic nervous system. However, ACh is now known to regulate various immune cell functions. In fact, T cells, B cells, and macrophages all express components of the cholinergic system, including ACh, muscarinic, and nicotinic ACh receptors (mAChRs and nAChRs), choline acetyltransferase, acetylcholinesterase, and choline transporters. In this review, we will discuss the actions of ACh in the immune system. We will first briefly describe the mechanisms by which ACh is stored in and released from immune cells. We will then address Ca
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.