ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Saffron and Its Major Ingredients' Effect on Colon Cancer Cells with Mismatch Repair Deficiency and Microsatellite Instability.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Use of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 and rehabilitation of COVID-19 patients: An evidence mapping study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Development and Interpretation of a Clinicopathological-Based Model for the Identification of Microsatellite Instability in Colorectal Cancer.Disease markers · 2023Trial
- Safranal improves the anticancer efficacy of sorafenib via transcriptomic reprogramming and metabolomic changes in a rat model of diethylnitrosamine-induced cirrhosis-hepatocellular carcinoma.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Anticancer effects of bisabolol oxide A-Loaded Micellar/Liposomal nanoparticles on DU-145 cells with deregulation of miR-34a and miR-181a: in silico and in vitro studies.BMC biotechnology · 2026Article
- From Stigma to Therapy: Pharmacological Insights into Saffron Bioactives for Major Non-Communicable Diseases.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cardiovascular effects of Matricaria chamomilla extract: calcium channel modulation and vasorelaxant activity.Die Naturwissenschaften · 2026Article
- Phytochemistry, Biological Activities, Molecular Mechanisms, and Toxicity of Saffron (Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Transforming Lung Cancer Care: The Role of Transferosomes in Modern Drug Delivery.Current cancer drug targets · 2025Review
- Internet of things (IoT) based saffron cultivation system in greenhouse.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Saffron as a Promising Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Article
- Identification of the therapeutic mechanism of the saffron crocus on glioma through network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023Article
- Association between COVID-19 and chronic liver disease: Mechanism, diagnosis, damage, and treatment.World journal of virology · 2023Review
- Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of isoorientin against carbapenem non-sensitive Escherichia coli from raw milk of goats.Journal of animal science · 2023Article
- Soy isoflavone reduces LPS-induced acute lung injury via increasing aquaporin 1 and aquaporin 5 in rats.Open life sciences · 2023Article
- Pharmacological inhibition of the ubiquitin-specific protease 8 effectively suppresses glioblastoma cell growth.Open life sciences · 2023Article
- Manjari Medika Grape Seed Extract Protects Methotrexate-Induced Hepatic Inflammation: Involvement of NF-κB/NLRP3 and Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling System.Journal of inflammation research · 2023Article
- Isoimperatorin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced periodontitis by downregulating ERK1/2 and NF-κB pathways.Open life sciences · 2023Article
- Saffron extract feed improves the antioxidant status of laying hens and the inhibitory effect on cancer cells (PC3 and MCF7) Growth.Veterinary medicine and science · 2022Article
- Trans-differentiation of mouse mesenchymal stem cells into pancreatic β-like cells by a traditional anti-diabetic medicinal herbJournal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. One of its subtypes is associated with defective mismatch repair (dMMR) genes. Saffron has many potentially protective roles against colon malignancy. However, these roles in the context of dMMR tumors have not been explored. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of saffron and its constituents in CRC cell lines with dMMR.
methodsSaffron crude extracts and specific compounds (safranal and crocin) were used in the human colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116, HCT116+3 (inserted MLH1), HCT116+5 (inserted MSH3), and HCT116+3+5 (inserted MLH1 and MSH3). CDC25b, p-H2AX, TPDP1, and GAPDH were analyzed by Western blot. Proliferation and cytotoxicity were analyzed by MTT. The scratch wound assay was also performed.
resultsSaffron crude extracts restricted (up to 70%) the proliferation in colon cells with deficient MMR (HCT116) compared to proficient MMR. The wound healing assay indicates that deficient MMR cells are doing better (up to 90%) than proficient MMR cells when treated with saffron. CDC25b and TDP1 downregulated (up to 20-fold) in proficient MMR cells compared to deficient MMR cells, while p.H2AX was significantly upregulated in both cell types, particularly at >10 mg/mL saffron in a concentration-dependent manner. The reduction in cellular proliferation was accompanied with upregulation of caspase 3 and 7. The major active saffron compounds, safranal and crocin reproduced most of the saffron crude extracts' effects.
conclusionsSaffron's anti-proliferative effect is significant in cells with deficient MMR. This novel effect may have therapeutic implications and benefits for MSI CRC patients who are generally not recommended for the 5-fluorouracil-based treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.