SynthesisInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
The Effect of Periodontitis on Dementia and Cognitive Impairment: A Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Periodontitis and Tooth Loss Are Associated With Higher Risks of Cognitive Disorders: A Systematic Umbrella Meta-Analysis.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of oral health interventions on cognition of people with dementia: a systematic review with meta-analysis.BMC oral health · 2024Pooled it
- Is Periodontitis Associated with Age-Related Cognitive Impairment? The Systematic Review, Confounders Assessment and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Periodontal health, cognitive decline, and dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2022Pooled it
- Association between microbiological risk factors and neurodegenerative disorders: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Association Between Periodontitis and Mild Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer's Disease, and Dementia: An Umbrella Review With Evidence Stratification.Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric DentistryPooled it
- Effects of Mobile-Based AI-Enhanced Health Counseling on Protection Motivation, Self-Care Behaviors, and Periodontal Treatment Outcomes in Patients With Periodontitis: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Trial
- Article
- Clinical practice guidelines and consensus statements integrating periodontal disease into cardiology, diabetes care and dementia: A scoping review and gap analysis.Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal · 2026Article
- Intranasal MyD88-adjuvanted DNA vaccine against P. gingivalis in rat periodontitis.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- The Impact of Psychological Factors on Periodontitis in the Elderly: A Systematic Review.European journal of dentistry · 2026Article
- An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of tooth loss in patients with periodontitis and the risk of mild cognitive impairment.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Review
- Adhesive-Electrocoupling Hydrogels for Tissue Regeneration: Design, Mechanisms, and Perspectives.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Article
- Periodontitis and incident cognitive decline and dementia: A 15-year prospective cohort study of older men residing in Northern Ireland.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Article
- Differential Patterns of Gut and Oral Microbiomes in Hispanic Individuals with Cognitive Impairment.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- The Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in the Development of Periodontitis-From Experimental Cell and Animal Models to Humans.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The link between oral health and neurodegeneration: a review of periodontitis in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease and dementia.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
- Prediction of Mini-Mental State Examination Scores for Cognitive Impairment and Machine Learning Analysis of Oral Health and Demographic Data Among Individuals Older Than 60 Years: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR medical informatics · 2025Article
- The interrelationship between periodontal disease and systemic health.British dental journal · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The association between periodontal disease and dementia/cognitive impairment continues to receive increasing attention. However, whether periodontal disease is a risk factor for dementia/cognitive impairment is still uncertain. This meta-analysis was conducted to comprehensively analyze the effect of periodontitis on dementia and cognitive impairment, and to assess the periodontal status of dementia patients at the same time. A literature search was undertaken on 19 October 2020 using PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase with different search terms. Two evaluators screened studies according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and a third evaluator was involved if there were disagreements; this process was the same as that used for data extraction. Included studies were assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), and results were analyzed using software Review Manager 5.2. Twenty observational studies were included. In the comparison between periodontitis and cognitive impairment, the odds ratio (OR) was 1.77 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.31-2.38), which indicated that there was a strong relationship between periodontitis and cognitive impairment. There was no statistical significance in the effect of periodontitis on dementia (OR = 1.59; 95%CI, 0.92-2.76). The subgroup analysis revealed that moderate or severe periodontitis was significantly associated with dementia (OR = 2.13; 95%CI, 1.25-3.64). The mean difference (MD) of the community periodontal index (CPI) and clinical attachment level (CAL) was 0.25 (95%CI, 0.09-0.40) and 1.22 (95%CI, 0.61-1.83), respectively. In this meta-analysis, there was an association between periodontitis and cognitive impairment, and moderate or severe periodontitis was a risk factor for dementia. Additionally, the deterioration of periodontal status was observed among dementia patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.