ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Probiotics, Prebiotics and Epithelial Tight Junctions: A Promising Approach to Modulate Intestinal Barrier Function.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 128 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
128 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 204 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of probiotics on immunological and clinical outcomes in allergic rhinitis: an umbrella review and updated meta-analysis of RCTs in children and adults.BMC immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Autoimmune thyroiditis and comorbid autoimmune diseases: global research landscape and future directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Evaluation of the Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on Intestinal Barrier Integrity and Epithelial Damage in Colitis Disease: A Systematic Review.Nutrition reviews · 2025Pooled it
- The effectiveness of treatment with probiotics in preventing necrotizing enterocolitis and related mortality: results from an umbrella meta-analysis on meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of probiotics in patients with morbid obesity undergoing bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2023Pooled it
- Bridging the gap:Gut microbes · 2026Review
- A new paradigm of bidirectional regulation of the gut-spinal cord axis.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Probiotic Yeasts and Bacteria: A Complementary Approach to Gut Health.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Probiotic Implementation and Necrotizing Enterocolitis Risk in Preterm Infants.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Mechanistic insights into probiotic modulation of the gut-immune axis and their role as sustainable antibiotic alternatives in poultry production: An integrative review.Veterinary world · 2026Article
- Review
- Dietary Inulin Modulates Intestinal Health and Muscle Nutritional Composition in Juvenile Silver Pomfret (Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Microchimerism: The Hidden Cellular Dialogue Between Mother and Fetal That Shapes Lifelong Immunity.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Mulberroside A Alleviates Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive Deficits by Suppressing Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress via theBiology · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory and Gut Microbiota-Regulating Effects of Lactobacillus helveticus LH76 in Healthy Adults: Preclinical Safety Assessment and a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Functional Reconstruction of the Gut Microecosystem in Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders: Roles of Probiotics, Prebiotics, Synbiotics and Postbiotics.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Dairy Bioactive Compounds as Precision Modulators of Gut Microbiota: From Molecular Mechanisms to Personalized Immunometabolic Health.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Gastrointestinal Barrier-Mechanisms of Barrier Dysfunction in Liver Cirrhosis and Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- The Ability of Probiotic Strain Escherichia coli O83:K24:H31 to Modulate Gut Homeostasis and Immune Function After Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- The gut-heart dialogue: an epigenetic perspective on myocardial infarction.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Review
68 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Disruptions in the intestinal epithelial barrier can result in devastating consequences and a multitude of disease syndromes, particularly among preterm neonates. The association between barrier dysfunction and intestinal dysbiosis suggests that the intestinal barrier function is interactive with specific gut commensals and pathogenic microbes. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that probiotic supplementation promotes significant upregulation and relocalization of interepithelial tight junction proteins, which form the microscopic scaffolds of the intestinal barrier. Probiotics facilitate some of these effects through the ligand-mediated stimulation of several toll-like receptors that are expressed by the intestinal epithelium. In particular, bacterial-mediated stimulation of toll-like receptor-2 modulates the expression and localization of specific protein constituents of intestinal tight junctions. Given that ingested prebiotics are robust modulators of the intestinal microbiota, prebiotic supplementation has been similarly investigated as a potential, indirect mechanism of barrier preservation. Emerging evidence suggests that prebiotics may additionally exert a direct effect on intestinal barrier function through mechanisms independent of the gut microbiota. In this review, we summarize current views on the effects of pro- and prebiotics on the intestinal epithelial barrier as well as on non-epithelial cell barrier constituents, such as the enteric glial cell network. Through continued investigation of these bioactive compounds, we can maximize their therapeutic potential for preventing and treating gastrointestinal diseases associated with impaired intestinal barrier function and dysbiosis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.