ReviewCancers2021
Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Therapeutic Opportunities and Clinical Challenges.
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research advances on tumor-associated macrophages in pancreatic cancer.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Review
- Review
- Pancreatic cancer induces B cell lineage plasticity via Pax5 inhibition to sustain immunosuppression.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- Review
- Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment shape pancreatic cancer unresponsive to current immunotherapies.World journal of clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Targeting inflammatory microenvironments: overcoming therapy resistance and immunosuppression.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Article
- Multi-omics and experimental validation identify USP54 as a prognostic deubiquitinase promoting pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression within the immune microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- TGFβ Blockade by Inhibition of Enolase-1-Mediated Plasmin Targets Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.Oncology research · 2026Article
- Decoding the gut-adipose-ovary axis in polycystic ovary syndrome: from metabolic dysregulation to oncological risk modulation.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Unraveling the Role of Tumor-infiltrating Immune Cells in Modulating Cancer Drug Resistance.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Dual molecular and clinical machine-learning prognostic modeling in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a chaperone-mediated autophagy-based framework integrating multi-cohort molecular signatures and a single-center clinical nomogram.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Blockade of CC chemokine receptor 2 suppresses pancreatic cancer progression through the interaction with macrophages in the tumor microenvironment.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Natural products as therapeutic interventions for inflammation-mediated cancer.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- CAR-Macrophage Cell Therapy: A New Era of Hope for Pancreatic Cancer.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025Review
- STK11 coordinates IL-4 signaling with metabolic reprogramming to control M2 macrophage polarization and antitumor immunity.Science advances · 2025Article
- Nanocarriers for Combination Therapy in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Comprehensive Review.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Review
- Weekly administration of betulinic acid prevents development of chronic renal failure from acute renal failure in folic acid-induced mouse model of kidney injury.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Identification of CLEC10A as a human lectin for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignant disease with a 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. Macrophages are one of the earliest infiltrating cells in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, and are associated with an increased risk of disease progression, recurrence, metastasis, and shorter overall survival. Pre-clinical studies have demonstrated an unequivocal role of macrophages in PDAC by contributing to chronic inflammation, cancer cell stemness, desmoplasia, immune suppression, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Several macrophage-targeting therapies have also been investigated in pre-clinical models, and include macrophage depletion, inhibiting macrophage recruitment, and macrophage reprogramming. However, the effectiveness of these drugs in pre-clinical models has not always translated into clinical trials. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms that underpin macrophage heterogeneity within the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, and examine the contribution of macrophages at various stages of PDAC progression. We also provide a comprehensive update of macrophage-targeting therapies that are currently undergoing clinical evaluation, and discuss clinical challenges associated with these treatment modalities in human PDAC patients.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.