ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
CRISPR/Cas9: Principle, Applications, and Delivery through Extracellular Vesicles.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed.
- Transforming Duchenne muscular dystrophy therapy: The multifaceted role of extracellular vesicles and exosomes.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Review
- Germ cell-directed exosomal delivery enables in vivo genetic modification in birds.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Recent Advances in the Non-viral Delivery of Genes to Central Nervous System Disorders.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- 80 years of extracellular vesicles: from discovery to clinical translation.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2026Review
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: A Tool for Heart Failure Repair - From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Potential.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Exosome-Based Cartilage-Targeted Delivery System: Strategies and Applications.Small science · 2026Review
- Red Blood Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Gene and RNA Therapeutics: Biological, Engineering, and Translational Challenges.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- TGF-β: The Molecular Mechanisms of Atherosclerosis - insights into SMAD Pathways and Gene Therapy Prospects.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- FGF19 in Solid Tumors: Molecular Mechanisms, Metabolic Reprogramming, and Emerging Therapeutic Opportunities.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicles: a Promising Therapy for Treatment of Central Nervous System Ischemia Reperfusion Injury.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Applying CRISPR Technologies for the Treatment of Human Herpesvirus Infections: A Scoping Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A simple, rapid, and transgene-free strategy for the generation of transgenic pigs via precise editing of monoclonal porcine fetal fibroblasts.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2025Article
- Application of CRISPR-Cas9 in microbial cell factories.Biotechnology letters · 2025Review
- Survival strategies of cancer cells: the role of macropinocytosis in nutrient acquisition, metabolic reprogramming, and therapeutic targeting.Autophagy · 2025Review
- Mesenchymal stromal cell exosomes for drug delivery of prostate cancer treatments: a review.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- Review
- Synergizing CRISPR-Cas9 with Advanced Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Precision Drug Delivery: Technological Nexus and Regulatory Insights.Current gene therapy · 2025Review
- Genome editing for grass improvement and future agriculture.Horticulture research · 2025Article
- Innovative Bacterial Therapies and Genetic Engineering Approaches in Colorectal Cancer: A Review of Emerging Strategies and Clinical Implications.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Exosomes for CRISPR-Cas9 Delivery: The Cutting Edge in Genome Editing.Molecular biotechnology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The establishment of CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9) technology for eukaryotic gene editing opened up new avenues not only for the analysis of gene function but also for therapeutic interventions. While the original methodology allowed for targeted gene disruption, recent technological advancements yielded a rich assortment of tools to modify genes and gene expression in various ways. Currently, clinical applications of this technology fell short of expectations mainly due to problems with the efficient and safe delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 components to living organisms. The targeted in vivo delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids and proteins remain technically challenging and further limitations emerge, for instance, by unwanted off-target effects, immune reactions, toxicity, or rapid degradation of the transfer vehicles. One approach that might overcome many of these limitations employs extracellular vesicles as intercellular delivery devices. In this review, we first introduce the CRISPR/Cas9 system and its latest advancements, outline major applications, and summarize the current state of the art technology using exosomes or microvesicles for transporting CRISPR/Cas9 constituents into eukaryotic cells.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.