ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2021
Nasal Delivery of Acute Medications for Migraine: The Upper Versus Lower Nasal Space.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Efficacy and safety of Dingluo nasal drops for the acute treatment of migraine: a pilot randomized trial.Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan · 2026Trial
- Reduction of pain and functional disability over time in patients treated with zavegepant: a post-hoc analysis of the BHV3500-301 phase 3 randomized controlled trial.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Trial
- Nose-to-Brain Nanocarriers for Migraine Management: A Comprehensive Review of Drug Delivery Strategies and Translational Challenges.Current medical science · 2026Review
- Intranasal drug delivery: Unlocking the nose-to-brain route for central nervous system therapies.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Review
- In silico receptor binding and ex vivo nasal epithelial membrane permeation studies of selected phytocannabinoids.Journal of cannabis research · 2026Article
- Pharmaceutical Cocrystals in Drug-Delivery Technologies: Advances from Rational Design to Therapeutic Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Development of a hydrophilic transdermal patch for combined delivery of sumatriptan and metoclopramide in migraine therapy.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Integrative Migraine Therapy: From Current Concepts to Future Directions-A Plastic Surgeon's Perspective.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Gepants in Primary Care: A Targeted Approach to Acute and Preventive Treatment of Migraine.Pain and therapy · 2025Review
- Enhancing Acute Migraine Treatment: Exploring Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for the Nose-to-Brain Route.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Visualization of nasal powder distribution using biomimetic human nasal cavity model.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Article
- Formulation and Characterization of Intranasal Drug Delivery of Frovatriptan-Loaded Binary Ethosomes Gel for Brain Targeting.Nanotechnology, science and applications · 2024Article
- Essential Oils of Some Potential Medicinal Plants and their Wound Healing Activities.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2024Review
- What Are the Key Anatomical Features for the Success of Nose-to-Brain Delivery? A Study of Powder Deposition in 3D-Printed Nasal Casts.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Targeting the Spike: Repurposing Mithramycin and Dihydroergotamine to Block SARS-CoV-2 Infection.ACS omega · 2023Article
- The Gut-brain Connection and Episodic Migraine: an Update.Current pain and headache reports · 2023Review
- The Pharmacokinetics of Drugs Delivered to the Upper Nasal Space.Pharmaceutical medicine · 2023Review
- Laboratory Performance Testing of Aqueous Nasal Inhalation Products for Droplet/Particle Size Distribution: an Assessment from the International Pharmaceutical Aerosol Consortium on Regulation and Science (IPAC-RS).AAPS PharmSciTech · 2023Article
- The Upper Nasal Space: Option for Systemic Drug Delivery, Mucosal Vaccines and "Nose-to-Brain".Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Therapy of Organophosphate Poisoning via Intranasal Administration of 2-PAM-Loaded Chitosomes.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The acute treatment of migraine requires effective drugs that are well tolerated and provide rapid and consistent pain relief. Oral tablets are the most commonly used acute treatment for migraine; however, their effectiveness is limited by the rate of gastrointestinal (GI) tract absorption and first-pass hepatic metabolism, and they may not be ideal for patients experiencing GI motility issues. Nasal delivery is an attractive alternative route as it may circumvent GI tract absorption, avoid first-pass metabolism in the liver, and potentially reduce the frequency of GI adverse events. The large surface area and high vascularity within the nose may permit rapid absorption of therapeutics into the systemic circulation, allowing for rapid onset of action. However, the site of drug deposition (upper versus lower nasal cavity) may influence drug pharmacokinetics. Most approved nasal migraine therapies target the lower nasal space where the epithelium is less permeable, and they may be quickly cleared away due to increased ciliary function or dripping from the nose or swallowing, resulting in variable absorption and limited bioavailability. Together with its abundant vascularization, relative mucosal thickness stability, and low clearance rates, the upper nasal space harnesses the benefits of nasal delivery to potentially maximize drug efficacy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.