ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Foods: Biological Effects, Legislation, Occurrence, Analytical Methods, and Strategies to Reduce Their Formation.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
84 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The carcinogenic PAHs in breads, amount, analytical method and mitigation strategy, a systematic review study.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Dietary Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Consumption and Risk of Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Pooled it
- Benzo[a]pyrene toxicokinetics in humans following dietary supplementation with 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) or Brussels sprouts.Toxicology and applied pharmacology · 2023Trial
- AhR activation triggers the synergistic genotoxicity between benzo[a]pyrene and aflatoxin B1 in metabolic-competent HepaRP cells.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Environmental Behavior, Toxicological Pathways, and Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs): From Molecular Structure to Human Health.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Photobiomodulation mitigates phenanthrene-induced testicular toxicity in mice by modulating oxidative stress and apoptosis biomarkers.Clinical and experimental reproductive medicine · 2026Article
- Evaluating chromatographic techniques for the aroma profiling of kombucha.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- First Application of QuEChERS-GC-MS Analysis for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Detection in Human Adipose Tissue.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Probabilistic dietary exposure assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and its associated disease burden in Singapore.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Ambient aromatic hydrocarbons and prostate cancer: mechanistic evidence linking benzene and PAH exposure to tumor progression.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- The meat processing exposome in Africa: integrating traditional culinary practices, environmental co-exposures, and cancer prevention strategies.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Article
- Smart Probiotic Solutions for Mycotoxin Mitigation: Innovations in Food Safety and Sustainable Agriculture.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Changing pattern of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons over time in the Central European population.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Cancer Prevention and Therapy With Nutritional Science: Addressing the Gap in Medical Education and Practice.MedComm · 2025Review
- Harnessing Metabolomics to Advance Nutrition-Based Therapeutics for Inflammation: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials.Metabolites · 2025Review
- Bioaccumulation and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in Pseudotolithus species in the Gulf of Guinea, Ondo State, Nigeria.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Quantitative Analysis and Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry from Herbs and Spices Distributed in South Korea.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Lip, Oral Cavity, and Pharyngeal Cancers: Global Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention: A Narrative Review.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Diet for Human and Planetary Health: Why We Should Consider Limiting Meat?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Review
24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are chemical compounds comprised of carbon and hydrogen molecules in a cyclic arrangement. PAHs are associated with risks to human health, especially carcinogenesis. One form of exposure to these compounds is through ingestion of contaminated food, which can occur during preparation and processing involving high temperatures (e.g., grilling, smoking, toasting, roasting, and frying) as well as through PAHs present in the soil, air, and water (i.e., environmental pollution). Differently from changes caused by microbiological characteristics and lipid oxidation, consumers cannot sensorially perceive PAH contamination in food products, thereby hindering their ability to reject these foods. Herein, the occurrence and biological effects of PAHs were comprehensively explored, as well as analytical methods to monitor their levels, legislations, and strategies to reduce their generation in food products. This review updates the current knowledge and addresses recent regulation changes concerning the widespread PAHs contamination in several types of food, often surpassing the concentration limits deemed acceptable by current legislations. Therefore, effective measures involving different food processing strategies are needed to prevent and reduce PAHs contamination, thereby decreasing human exposure and detrimental health effects. Furthermore, gaps in literature have been addressed to provide a basis for future studies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.