ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Experiences and Interactions with the Healthcare System in Transgender and Non-Binary Patients in Austria: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Implementation of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Gender-Affirming Care Worldwide: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2023Pooled it
- Determinants of male healthcare utilization in Switzerland: does gender identity and migration background matter?BMC health services research · 2026Article
- The patient-doctor relationship questionnaire (PDRQ-9). An overview of 20 years of research and a proposal for normalisation of scores. Systematic review.Frontiers in health services · 2026Review
- Examining the Experiences of Transgender and Non-Binary Nursing Students and Nurses in Canada.The Canadian journal of nursing research = Revue canadienne de recherche en sciences infirmieres · 2025Article
- Article
- Cross-sectional analysis of delays in care and interactions with healthcare providers among transgender and gender diverse individuals.Frontiers in health services · 2025Article
- Perceptions, expectations, and recommendations of trans adults on gender-affirming care in France: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Trans people perceptions of care received from healthcare professionals - A phenomenological study.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Societal stigma and mistreatment in healthcare among gender minority people: a cross-sectional study.International journal for equity in health · 2023Article
- Healthcare provider-delivered healthy eating recommendations among U.S. Hispanic/Latino adults.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- Caring for transgender populations: A primer for the dermatopathologist.Journal of cutaneous pathology · 2023Article
- Health and service utilization among a sample of gender-diverse youth of color: the TRUTH study.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Caring for Transgender People in Healthcare: A Qualitative Study with Hospital Staff in Croatia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Transgenders are the most vulnerable amongst individuals engaging in receptive anal intercourse: A cross-sectional study from North India.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2021Article
- Usability of Virtual Visits for the Routine Clinical Care of Trans Youth during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Youth and Caregiver Perspectives.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Medical care of transgender and non-binary (TNB) patients if often a complex interdisciplinary effort involving a variety of healthcare workers (HCWs) and services. Physicians not only act as gatekeepers to routine or transitioning therapies but are also HCWs with the most intimate and time-intensive patient interaction, which influences TNB patients' experiences and health behaviors and healthcare utilization. The aim of this study was to investigate the physician-patient relationship in a sample of TNB individuals within the Austrian healthcare system, and explore its associations with sociodemographic, health-, and identity-related characteristics. A cross-sectional study utilizing an 56-item online questionnaire, including the Patient-Doctor Relationship Questionnaire 9 (PDRQ-9), was carried out between June and October 2020. The study involved TNB individuals 18 or older, residing in Austria, and previously or currently undergoing medical transition. In total, 91 participants took part, of whom 33.0% and 25.3% self-identified as trans men and trans women, respectively, and 41.8% as non-binary. Among participants, 82.7% reported being in the process of medical transitioning, 58.1% perceived physicians as the most problematic HCWs, and 60.5% stated having never or rarely been taken seriously in medical settings. Non-binary participants showed significantly lower PDRQ-9 scores, reflecting a worse patient-physician relationship compared to trans male participants. TNB patients in Austria often report negative experiences based on their gender identity. Physicians should be aware of these interactions and reflect potentially harmful behavioral patterns in order to establish unbiased and trustful relations.
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