ArticleViruses2021
Epidemiology of the Rhinovirus (RV) in African and Southeast Asian Children: A Case-Control Pneumonia Etiology Study.
Article in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Viral etiology of acute respiratory infections in Sub-Saharan Africa during the pre-COVID-19 period (2006-2019): a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Weekly azithromycin for 48 weeks impacts nasopharyngeal microbial prevalence and Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes in children with HIV-associated chronic lung disease.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Lower Respiratory Tract Infections Following Respiratory Syncytial Virus Monoclonal Antibody Nirsevimab Immunization Versus Placebo: Analysis From a Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial (MELODY).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Trial
- rhinotypeR enables reproducible rhinovirus genotype assignment from VP4/2 sequences.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Viral and Bacterial Etiology of Common Respiratory Infections in Children in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- An outbreak of rhinovirus infection in a primary school in Shenyang City, China, in 2022.Biosafety and health · 2024Article
- Characterization of bacterial and viral pathogens in the respiratory tract of children with HIV-associated chronic lung disease: a case-control study.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Rhinovirus dynamics across different social structures.Npj viruses · 2023Article
- Article
- Derivation and validation of a novel risk assessment tool to identify children aged 2-59 months at risk of hospitalised pneumonia-related mortality in 20 countries.BMJ global health · 2022Article
- Rhinovirus as the main co-circulating virus during the COVID-19 pandemic in children.Jornal de pediatriaArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
34 authors at 16 institutions in 11 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Rhinovirus (RV) is commonly detected in asymptomatic children; hence, its pathogenicity during childhood pneumonia remains controversial. We evaluated RV epidemiology in HIV-uninfected children hospitalized with clinical pneumonia and among community controls. PERCH was a case-control study that enrolled children (1-59 months) hospitalized with severe and very severe pneumonia per World Health Organization clinical criteria and age-frequency-matched community controls in seven countries. Nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs were collected for all participants, combined, and tested for RV and 18 other respiratory viruses using the Fast Track multiplex real-time PCR assay. RV detection was more common among cases (24%) than controls (21%) (aOR = 1.5, 95%CI:1.3-1.6). This association was driven by the children aged 12-59 months, where 28% of cases vs. 18% of controls were RV-positive (aOR = 2.1, 95%CI:1.8-2.5). Wheezing was 1.8-fold (aOR 95%CI:1.4-2.2) more prevalent among pneumonia cases who were RV-positive vs. RV-negative. Of the RV-positive cases, 13% had a higher probability (>75%) that RV was the cause of their pneumonia based on the PERCH integrated etiology analysis; 99% of these cases occurred in children over 12 months in Bangladesh. RV was commonly identified in both cases and controls and was significantly associated with severe pneumonia status among children over 12 months of age, particularly those in Bangladesh. RV-positive pneumonia was associated with wheezing.
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Registered trials
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