ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Molecular Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Fibrosis, with Focus on Pathways Related to TGF-β and the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 106 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
106 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 160 citations in OpenAlex.
- Protective effects and mechanism of resveratrol in animal models of pulmonary fibrosis: a preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Protective effects and mechanism of curcumin in animal models of pulmonary fibrosis: a preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Mammalian Neuraminidases in Immune-Mediated Diseases: Mucins and Beyond.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- A Clinical Multicenter Trial of Recombinant Human Interferon Gamma in Tuberculosis (GAM2022): Experience with the Use of Human Recombinant Interferon Gamma in TB Practice.Infectious disorders drug targets · 2025Trial
- An injectable hydrogel for localized sustained release of artesunate in postoperative fibrosis prevention after glaucoma filtration surgery.Drug delivery · 2026Article
- β-carboline derivative Z86 alleviates pulmonary fibrosis via suppressing TGF-β/Smad signaling.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2026Article
- Advances in pharmacotherapy for fibrotic interstitial lung disease.Medical review (2021) · 2026Review
- Multi-omics Analysis Reveals the Prognostic and Therapeutic Value of TGF-β Signaling-related Genes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- Emergence of fibrotic pericytes and their transcriptional regulation in pulmonary fibrosis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Unlocking the potential of mRNA nanomedicines for comprehensive fibrosis therapy.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Review
- Recent advances in pulmonary fibrosis: from lung surfactant to the immune connection.Respiratory research · 2026Review
- Targeting thrombin with hirudin alleviates paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis via the PAR-1-mediated TGF-β1 pathway.Histology and histopathology · 2026Article
- A Lung-Targeted Carrier of Carbon Monoxide for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Therapy.ACS nano · 2026Article
- Deacetylforskolin ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by suppressing inflammation and TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2026Article
- Far Infrared Radiation Attenuates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice via Modulation of the p53/TGF-β Signaling Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Plasma proteomic and machine learning models for differentiating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease: findings from a prospective cohort.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Investigating the Therapeutic Potential of Agarwood Nanoemulsion in Modulating TGF-β-Induced Airway Remodelling in BEAS-2B Cells.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Article
- Hypoxia-preconditioned mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomes attenuate LPS-induced acute lung injury and early epithelial remodeling in mice: evidence for a miR-486a-5p-Skp2-GATA4 axis.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Buyang Huanwu Decoction Alleviates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis via Wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β1/Smad Pathways.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- Percolation Forces in Lung Inflammation: Determining the Path to Emphysema or Fibrosis.Biomedicines · 2026Review
46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal interstitial lung disease. During the past decade, novel pathogenic mechanisms of IPF have been elucidated that have shifted the concept of IPF from an inflammatory-driven to an epithelial-driven disease. Dysregulated repair responses induced by recurrent epithelial cell damage and excessive extracellular matrix accumulation result in pulmonary fibrosis. Although there is currently no curative therapy for IPF, two medications, pirfenidone and nintedanib, have been introduced based on understanding the pathogenesis of the disease. In this review, we discuss advances in understanding IPF pathogenesis, highlighting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and endothelial cells. TGF-β is a central regulator involved in EMT and pulmonary fibrosis. HECT-, RING finger-, and U-box-type E3 ubiquitin ligases regulate TGF-β-Smad pathway-mediated EMT via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. p27 degradation mediated by the SCF-type E3 ligase, Skp2, contributes to the progression of pulmonary fibrosis by promotion of either mesenchymal fibroblast proliferation, EMT, or both. In addition to fibroblasts as key effector cells in myofibroblast differentiation and extracellular matrix deposition, endothelial cells also play a role in the processes of IPF. Endothelial cells can transform into myofibroblasts; therefore, endothelial-mesenchymal transition can be another source of myofibroblasts.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.