ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Burnout in Intensive Care Unit Workers during the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single Center Cross-Sectional Italian Study.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of insomnia in nurses: a meta-analysis of observational studies using the insomnia severity index.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The prevalence of burnout among pulmonologists or respiratory therapists pre- and post-COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Psychological impact of the quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic on the general European adult population: a systematic review of the evidence.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta analysis on burnout in physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic: A hidden healthcare crisis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- Effects of Toxic Leadership Behavior and Emotional Exhaustion on Patient Safety Incident Reporting.Journal of nursing management · 2026Article
- Exploring Ontario's Physical Therapy Recent Graduates' Experience With Resilience in the First Few Years of Clinical Practice.Physiotherapy Canada. Physiotherapie Canada · 2025Article
- Occupational Stress and Burnout Among Public Health Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Morocco.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Burnout among intensive care physicians and nurses in the post-pandemic era in China: a national cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Resilience and the Dynamics of Job Demands: A Diary Study on Interactions in Healthcare Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Journal of advanced nursing · 2025Observational
- Difficulties in Emotion Regulation and Stress in Intensive Care Unit Nurses During COVID-19: Exploring the Mediating Role of Psychological Inflexibility and the Moderating Effect of Work Experience.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Critical care, critical gaps: assessment of burnout and behavioral profiles of ICU healthcare workers in China-a multicenter cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Depicting occupational trauma concepts impacting nurse well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2024Review
- Gender sensitivity of the COVID-19 mental health research in Europe: a scoping review.International journal for equity in health · 2024Article
- Nurses' perceptions of desired support from their employer during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative survey study.BMC nursing · 2024Article
- Occurrences of post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression, and burnout syndrome in ICU staff workers after two-year of the COVID-19 pandemic: the international PSY-CO in ICU study.Annals of general psychiatry · 2024Article
- Job stressors in relation to burnout and compromised sleep among academic physicians in India.Work (Reading, Mass.) · 2024Article
- The mediating role of sleep quality in the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and fatigue in Chinese nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC nursing · 2023Article
- Organizational Learning in Healthcare Contexts after COVID-19: A Study of 10 Intensive Care Units in Central and Northern Italy through Framework Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic had a massive impact on the Italian healthcare systems, which became overwhelmed, leading to an increased risk of psychological pressure on ICU workers. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of distress (anxiety, depression and insomnia symptoms), burnout syndrome and resilience in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic and to detect potential factors associated with their psychological response. This cross-sectional, survey-based study enrolled 136 healthcare workers assisting COVID-19 patients in the new COVID-19 ward (Intensive Care Unit), at Milano Fiera, Lombardy. Participants completed an online survey that comprised different validated and standardized questionnaires: Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Resilience Scale for adults (RSA), Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Socio-demographic and work characteristics were also collected. Out of 136 ICU specialists, there were 84 nurses (62%) and 52 physicians (38%). Over half (60%) met the criteria for burnout, with nearly the same percentages among nurses and physicians. Nurses reported significantly higher scores of anxiety and insomnia levels. Forty-five percent of participants reported symptoms of depression (of whom 13.9% in the clinical range) and most of the staff showed moderate to high levels (82.4%) of resilience. The COVID-19 pandemic can have a significant impact on ICU staff. Effective interventions are needed to maintain healthcare professionals' mental health and relieve burnout. Follow-up and tailored procedures should be provided to alleviate the psychological burden in the frontline staff at highest risk.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.