ArticlePloS one2021
Development and validation of a quantitative, non-invasive, highly sensitive and specific, electrochemical assay for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in saliva.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Direct detection of 4-dimensions of SARS-CoV-2: infection (vRNA), infectivity (antigen), binding antibody, and functional neutralizing antibody in saliva.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Direct Detection of 4-Dimensions of SARS-CoV-2: Infection (vRNA), Infectivity (Antigen), Binding Antibody, and Functional Neutralizing Antibody in Saliva.Research square · 2023Article
- Saliva diagnostics: Salivaomics, saliva exosomics, and saliva liquid biopsy.Journal of the American Dental Association (1939) · 2023Review
- Immunoassay Detects Salivary Anti-SSA/Ro-52 Autoantibodies in Seronegative Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome.ImmunoHorizons · 2023Article
- Single-Droplet Microsensor for Ultra-Short Circulating EFGR Mutation Detection in Lung Cancer Based on Multiplex EFIRM Liquid Biopsy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Urine and Saliva: Relevant Specimens for Malaria Diagnosis?Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Mapping of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG in gingival crevicular fluid: Antibody dynamics and linkage to severity of COVID-19 in hospital inpatients.The Journal of infection · 2022Article
- Variability in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 IgG Antibody Affinity to Omicron and Delta Variants in Convalescent and Community mRNA-Vaccinated Individuals.ImmunoHorizons · 2022Article
- Electrochemical biosensors for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 pathogen and protein biomarkers.International journal of electrochemical science · 2022Review
- The Kinetics of COVID-19 Vaccine Response in a Community-Vaccinated Population.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- Self-collection of capillary blood and saliva to determine COVID-19 vaccine immunogenicity in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and health professionals.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Natural SARS-CoV-2 Infection Affects Neutralizing Activity in Saliva of Vaccinees.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- The Kinetics of COVID-19 Vaccine Response in a Community Vaccinated Population.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Amperial™ is a novel assay platform that uses immobilized antigen in a conducting polymer gel followed by detection via electrochemical measurement of oxidation-reduction reaction between H2O2/Tetrametylbenzidine and peroxidase enzyme in a completed assay complex. A highly specific and sensitive assay was developed to quantify levels of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in saliva. After establishing linearity and limit of detection we established a reference range of 5 standard deviations above the mean. There were no false positives in 667 consecutive saliva samples obtained prior to 2019. Saliva was obtained from 34 patients who had recovered from documented COVID-19 or had documented positive serologies. All of the patients with symptoms severe enough to seek medical attention had positive antibody tests and 88% overall had positive results. We obtained blinded paired saliva and plasma samples from 14 individuals. The plasma was analyzed using an EUA-FDA cleared ELISA kit and the saliva was analyzed by our Amperial™ assay. All 5 samples with negative plasma titers were negative in saliva testing. Eight of the 9 positive plasma samples were positive in saliva and 1 had borderline results. A CLIA validation was performed as a laboratory developed test in a high complexity laboratory. A quantitative non-invasive saliva based SARS-CoV-2 antibody test was developed and validated with sufficient specificity to be useful for population-based monitoring and monitoring of individuals following vaccination.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.