Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34197456›Full record

ArticlePloS one2021

The time to peak blood bicarbonate (HCO3-), pH, and the strong ion difference (SID) following sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) ingestion in highly trained adolescent swimmers.

Josh W Newbury, Matthew Cole, Adam L Kelly, Richard J Chessor, S Andy Sparks, Lars R McNaughton, Lewis A Gough

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Review
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Josh W NewburyHuman Performance and Health Research Group, Centre for Life and Sport Sciences (CLaSS), Department of Sport and Exercise, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Matthew ColeHuman Performance and Health Research Group, Centre for Life and Sport Sciences (CLaSS), Department of Sport and Exercise, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Adam L KellyHuman Performance and Health Research Group, Centre for Life and Sport Sciences (CLaSS), Department of Sport and Exercise, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Richard J ChessorSports Science and Sports Medicine Team, British Swimming, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom.
S Andy SparksSports Nutrition and Performance Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-0910-2225
Lars R McNaughtonSports Nutrition and Performance Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom.
Lewis A GoughHuman Performance and Health Research Group, Centre for Life and Sport Sciences (CLaSS), Department of Sport and Exercise, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Birmingham City University · GBEdge Hill University · GBBritish Athletics · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The timing of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) supplementation has been suggested to be most optimal when coincided with a personal time that bicarbonate (HCO3-) or pH peaks in the blood following ingestion. However, the ergogenic mechanisms supporting this ingestion strategy are strongly contested. It is therefore plausible that NaHCO3 may be ergogenic by causing beneficial shifts in the strong ion difference (SID), though the time course of this blood acid base balance variable is yet to be investigated. Twelve highly trained, adolescent swimmers (age: 15.9 ± 1.0 years, body mass: 65.3 ± 9.6 kg) consumed their typical pre-competition nutrition 1-3 hours before ingesting 0.3 g∙kg BM-1 NaHCO3 in gelatine capsules. Capillary blood samples were then taken during seated rest on nine occasions (0, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, 150, 165 min post-ingestion) to identify the time course changes in HCO3-, pH, and the SID. No significant differences were found in the time to peak of each blood measure (HCO3-: 130 ± 35 min, pH: 120 ± 38 min, SID: 98 ± 37 min; p = 0.08); however, a large effect size was calculated between time to peak HCO3- and the SID (g = 0.88). Considering that a difference between time to peak blood HCO3- and the SID was identified in adolescents, future research should compare the ergogenic effects of these two individualized NaHCO3 ingestion strategies compared to a traditional, standardized approach.

Indexed as

AthletesAcid-Base EquilibriumAdolescentBicarbonatesEructationFemaleHumansHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMaleNauseaPerformance-Enhancing SubstancesSodium BicarbonateSwimmingBicarbonatesPerformance-Enhancing SubstancesSodium Bicarbonate

Identifiers

PMID34197456
PMCPMC8248647
OpenAlexW3176187245

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.