Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34197051›Full record

ReviewAdvanced healthcare materials2022

Extracellular Vesicles as an Advanced Delivery Biomaterial for Precision Cancer Immunotherapy.

Shaobo Ruan, Zachary Greenberg, Xiaoshu Pan, Pei Zhuang, Nina Erwin, Mei He

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Advanced healthcare materials, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Emerging Nanozyme Strategies for Precision Breast Cancer Treatment.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Killing the killers: Natural killer cell therapy targeting glioma stem cells in high-grade glioma.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025
    Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Fluorogenic RNA-based biomaterials for imaging and tracking the cargo of extracellular vesicles.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2024
    Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Shaobo RuanDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
Zachary GreenbergDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9626-2694
Xiaoshu PanDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
Pei ZhuangDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
Nina ErwinDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
Mei HeDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5316-9326

Funding

Equipment Supplement to R35GM133794R35GM133794 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS LAWRENCE · PI Mei He · 2019 to 2026
$2.9M
NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM133794
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In recent years, cancer immunotherapy has been observed in numerous preclinical and clinical studies for showing benefits. However, due to the unpredictable outcomes and low response rates, novel targeting delivery approaches and modulators are needed for being effective to more broader patient populations and cancer types. Compared to synthetic biomaterials, extracellular vesicles (EVs) specifically open a new avenue for improving the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy by offering targeted and site-specific immunity modulation. In this review, the molecular understanding of EV cargos and surface receptors, which underpin cell targeting specificity and precisely modulating immunogenicity, are discussed. Unique properties of EVs are reviewed in terms of their surface markers, intravesicular contents, intrinsic immunity modulatory functions, and pharmacodynamic behavior in vivo with tumor tissue models, highlighting key indications of improved precision cancer immunotherapy. Novel molecular engineered strategies for reprogramming and directing cancer immunotherapeutics, and their unique challenges are also discussed to illuminate EV's future potential as a cancer immunotherapeutic biomaterial.

Indexed as

Extracellular VesiclesNeoplasmsBiocompatible MaterialsDrug Delivery SystemsHumansImmunotherapyBiocompatible Materialscancer immunotherapydelivery biomaterialsexosomesextracellular vesicles

Identifiers

PMID34197051
PMCPMC8720116

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.