Trial reportInternal and emergency medicine2021
Changes in biomarkers after 180 days of tobacco heating product use: a randomised trial.
Trial report in Internal and emergency medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of heated tobacco products on biomarkers of potential harm and adverse events: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Tobacco control · 2026Pooled it
- Critical appraisal of interventional clinical trials assessing heated tobacco products: a systematic review.Tobacco control · 2024Pooled it
- Heated tobacco products for smoking cessation and reducing smoking prevalence.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Assessment of Abuse Liability and Nicotine Pharmacokinetics of glo Heated Tobacco Products in a Randomized, Crossover Study.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2024Trial
- Nicotine Delivery and Changes in Withdrawal and Craving During Acute Electronic Cigarette, Heated Tobacco Product, and Cigarette Use Among a Sample of Black and White People Who Smoke.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Trial
- An assessment of nicotine pharmacokinetics and subjective effects of the pulze heated tobacco system compared with cigarettes.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Comparing the Effectiveness, Tolerability, and Acceptability of Heated Tobacco Products and Refillable Electronic Cigarettes for Cigarette Substitution (CEASEFIRE): Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2023Trial
- An abuse liability assessment of the glo tobacco heating product in comparison to combustible cigarettes and nicotine replacement therapy.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- A randomised study to assess the nicotine pharmacokinetics of an oral nicotine pouch and two nicotine replacement therapy products.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- A Narrative Review of the Potential Impact of Next-Generation Tobacco and Nicotine Products on Cardiovascular Health.Cureus · 2026Review
- Heated tobacco product aerosol emission compared to cigarette smoke: A scoping review.Toxicology reports · 2026Review
- Review
- Heated tobacco products vs conventional cigarettes: a scoping review of cardiovascular and respiratory clinical outcomes.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Comparison of profiles of biomarkers of potential harm among healthy adults who used heated tobacco products, smoked combustible cigarettes, or who had never smoked: a cross-sectional, observational study.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Observational
- Smoking as a persistent global health challenge: perspectives on heated tobacco products.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Heated Tobacco Products: Emerging Health Outcomes and Insights into Oxidative Stress and Pro-Inflammatory-Driving Mechanisms.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Health effects of e-cigarettes, heated tobacco, and oral nicotine products.Internal and emergency medicine · 2025Article
- The Health Effects of Heated Tobacco Product Use-A Narrative Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Assessment of heated herbal products' tobacco harm reduction potential: pre-clinical and clinical studies.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether biomarkers of exposure (BoE) and potential harm (BoPH) are modified when smokers switch from smoking cigarettes to exclusive use of a tobacco heating product (THP) in an ambulatory setting. Participants in this randomised, controlled study were healthy volunteer smokers assigned either to continue smoking or switch to a THP, and a control group of smokers who abstained from cigarette smoking. Various BoE and BoPH related to oxidative stress, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, and cancer were assessed at baseline and up to 180 days. In continuing smokers, BoE and BoPH remained stable between baseline and day 180, while THP users' levels of most BoE reduced significantly, becoming similar to those in controls abstaining from cigarette smoking. Also at 180 days, significant changes in numerous BoPH, including total 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol, 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α type III, fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide and white blood cell count, were directionally consistent with lessened health impact. Our findings support the notion that the deleterious health impacts of cigarette smoking may be reduced in smokers who completely switch to using THPs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.