ArticleJournal of radiation research2021
High linear energy transfer carbon-ion irradiation upregulates PD-L1 expression more significantly than X-rays in human osteosarcoma U2OS cells.
Article in Journal of radiation research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Feasibility Study of Combined Systemic Therapy and Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Combined carbon ion radiotherapy and immunotherapy: leveraging the immunological advantages of carbon ion.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Review
- SLAMF1 expression in breast cancer cells delays tumor growth in vivo.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Targeting ATM enhances radiation sensitivity of colorectal cancer by potentiating radiation-induced cell death and antitumor immunity.Journal of advanced research · 2025Article
- Carbon ion irradiation mobilizes antitumor immunity: from concept to the clinic.Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2025Review
- Particle Therapy to Overcome Cancer Radiation Resistance: "ARCHADE" Consortium Updates in Radiation Biology.Cancers · 2025Review
- Potential Benefits of Combining Proton or Carbon Ion Therapy with DNA Damage Repair Inhibitors.Cells · 2024Review
- MHY1485 potentiates immunogenic cell death induction and anti-cancer immunity following irradiation.Journal of radiation research · 2024Article
- A protocol for a randomized trial evaluating the role of carbon-ion radiation therapy plus camrelizumab for patients with locoregionally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- Key molecular DNA damage responses of human cells to radiation.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Immunotherapy and radiotherapy for older patients with invasive bladder cancer unfit for surgery or chemotherapy: practical proposal by the international geriatric radiotherapy group.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Alpha Particle-Emitting Radiopharmaceuticals as Cancer Therapy: Biological Basis, Current Status, and Future Outlook for Therapeutics Discovery.Molecular imaging and biology · 2023Review
- Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment for head and neck mucosal melanoma recurrence in patients treated with carbon-ion radiotherapy.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2023Article
- The 'stealth-bomber' paradigm for deciphering the tumour response to carbon-ion irradiation.British journal of cancer · 2023Review
- Genome-wide analysis of mutations induced by carbon ion beam irradiation in cotton.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Radiation-induced PD-L1 expression in tumor and its microenvironment facilitates cancer-immune escape: a narrative review.Annals of translational medicine · 2022Review
- Functions and therapeutic potentials of exosomes in osteosarcoma.Acta materia medica · 2022Article
- The role of DNA damage repair (DDR) system in response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2022Review
- Expression of non-homologous end joining factor, Ku80, is negatively correlated with PD-L1 expression in cancer cells after X-ray irradiation.Oncology letters · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on the surface of cancer cells affects the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint therapy. However, the mechanism underlying PD-L1 expression in cancer cells is not fully understood, particularly after ionizing radiation (IR). Here, we examined the impact of high linear energy transfer (LET) carbon-ion irradiation on the expression of PD-L1 in human osteosarcoma U2OS cells. We found that the upregulation of PD-L1 expression after high LET carbon-ion irradiation was greater than that induced by X-rays at the same physical and relative biological effectiveness (RBE) dose, and that the upregulation of PD-L1 induced by high LET carbon-ion irradiation was predominantly dependent on ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase activity. Moreover, we showed that the downstream signaling, e.g. STAT1 phosphorylation and IRF1 expression, was upregulated to a greater extent after high LET carbon-ion irradiation than X-rays, and that IRF1 upregulation was also ATR dependent. Finally, to visualize PD-L1 molecules on the cell surface in 3D, we applied immunofluorescence-based super-resolution imaging. The three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy (3D-SIM) analyses revealed substantial increases in the number of presented PD-L1 molecules on the cell surface after high LET carbon-ion irradiation compared with X-ray irradiation.
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