ArticleVeterinary pathology2021
Immunohistochemical evaluation of immune cell infiltration in canine gliomas.
Article in Veterinary pathology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rodent monocyte-derived macrophages do not express CD163: Comparative analysis using macrophages from living boreoeutherians.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2026Article
- Spatial resolution of the metastatic osteosarcoma tumor microenvironment using immunolabeling across murine, canine and human lung.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Adapting Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy for the Treatment of Naturally Occurring Intracranial Tumors in Dogs.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025Article
- Differential gene expression analysis in French bulldog high grade oligodendroglioma: breed-associated differences in tumor and tumor microenvironment gene expression.Companion animal health and genetics · 2025Article
- The LITT Fit in neuro-oncology: indications, imaging, and adjunctive therapies.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Review
- The role of regulatory T cells in central nervous system diseases in dogs: fighting with a double-edged sword toward translational discoveries.American journal of translational research · 2025Review
- The CCL2-CCR4 axis promotes Regulatory T cell trafficking to canine glioma tissues.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2024Article
- Immunohistochemical Expression of PTEN in Canine Gliomas.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- The CCL2-CCR4 Axis Promotes Regulatory T Cell Trafficking to Canine Glioma Tissues.Research square · 2024Article
- Article
- Intra- and Intertumoral Microglia/Macrophage Infiltration and Their Associated Molecular Signature Is Highly Variable in Canine Oligodendroglioma: A Preliminary Evaluation.Veterinary sciences · 2023Article
- Chemotherapy for the treatment of intracranial glioma in dogs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Review
- Tumor-associated macrophages: Prognostic and therapeutic targets for cancer in humans and dogs.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Reprogramming the Canine Glioma Microenvironment with Tumor Vaccination plus Oral Losartan and Propranolol Induces Objective Responses.Cancer research communications · 2022Article
- Immunohistochemical Characterization of Immune System Cells in Lymphoid Organs from Roe and Fallow Deer.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Review
- Intracranial Virotherapy for a Canine Hemangioma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Safety and Efficacy of an Oncolytic Adenovirus as an Immunotherapy for Canine Cancer Patients.Veterinary sciences · 2022Article
- Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Canine Oral and Cutaneous Melanomas and Melanocytomas: Phenotypic and Prognostic Assessment.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
- Canine melanoma: A review of diagnostics and comparative mechanisms of disease and immunotolerance in the era of the immunotherapies.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Evasion of the immune response is an integral part of the pathogenesis of glioma. In humans, important mechanisms of immune evasion include recruitment of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and polarization of macrophages toward an M2 phenotype. Canine glioma has a robust immune cell infiltrate that has not been extensively characterized. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution of immune cells infiltrating spontaneous intracranial canine gliomas. Seventy-three formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples were evaluated using immunohistochemistry for CD3, forkhead box 3 (FOXP3), CD20, Iba1, calprotectin (Mac387), CD163, and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). Immune cell infiltration was present in all tumors. Low-grade and high-grade gliomas significantly differed in the numbers of FoxP3+ cells, Mac387+ cells, and CD163+ cells (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.