SynthesisJournal of extracellular vesicles2021
Biodistribution of extracellular vesicles following administration into animals: A systematic review.
Synthesis in Journal of extracellular vesicles, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 282 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
282 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Ocular Surface Disorders.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Pooled it
- Global research trends and hotspots of exosome-mediated drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier: a bibliometric study from 2015 to 2025.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Unlocking the potential of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in osteoporosis therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A critical systematic review of extracellular vesicle clinical trials.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2024Pooled it
- Stem Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicle Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis, A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Studies.Stem cells translational medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Nanoparticle-based therapeutic platforms for inflammatory disorders of the urinary system: Engineering local delivery, biointerface regulation, and smart responsive therapy.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Research advances in microneedle-exosome delivery systems for the treatment of multisystem diseases.Regenerative therapy · 2026Review
- Immune cell-derived membrane nanovesicles: A promethean fire for autoimmune disease therapy through immune cell mimicry.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Reprogramming bone homeostasis: The recoupling-oriented framework of bidirectional regulation strategies for osteoporosis.iScience · 2026Review
- Advances in Extracellular Vesicle-Based Innovative Drugs Targeting Alzheimer's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Shear Stress-Stimulated Trafficking of Endothelial Piezo1 to Splenic Capsule Boosts Spleen Contraction and Exercise Endurance.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Mitochondria-Targeted Nanotherapeutics: A Promising Strategy in Modulating Mitochondrial Function, Transfer, and Transplantation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Macrophage-Fibroblast Crosstalk in Kidney Injury: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Biology and Therapeutic Potential of Exosomes, Targeted Drug Delivery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms, Preclinical Evidence, and Translational Challenges.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- The Role and Mechanism of Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Vascular Repair of Ischemic Heart Disease.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2026Review
- Engineering Piezo1-Mediated Calcium Signalling for Enhanced Extracellular Vesicle Biogenesis and Cargo Loading.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Skeletal muscle‑derived extracellular vesicles in multi‑organ degenerative disease: Mechanisms and therapeutic delivery perspectives (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Review
222 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In recent years, attention has turned to examining the biodistribution of EVs in recipient animals to bridge between knowledge of EV function in vitro and in vivo. We undertook a systematic review of the literature to summarize the biodistribution of EVs following administration into animals. There were time-dependent changes in the biodistribution of small-EVs which were most abundant in the liver. Detection peaked in the liver and kidney in the first hour after administration, while distribution to the lungs and spleen peaked between 2-12 h. Large-EVs were most abundant in the lungs with localization peaking in the first hour following administration and decreased between 2-12 h. In contrast, large-EV localization to the liver increased as the levels in the lungs decreased. There was moderate to low localization of large-EVs to the kidneys while localization to the spleen was typically low. Regardless of the origin or size of the EVs or the recipient species into which the EVs were administered, the biodistribution of the EVs was largely to the liver, lungs, kidneys, and spleen. There was extreme variability in the methodology between studies and we recommend that guidelines should be developed to promote standardization where possible of future EV biodistribution studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.