Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34193926›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Antifungal activity of dendritic cell lysosomal proteins against Cryptococcus neoformans.

Benjamin N Nelson, Savannah G Beakley, Sierra Posey, Brittney Conn, Emma Maritz, Janakiram Seshu, Karen L Wozniak

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Phagosome maturation during fungal infection.Current opinion in microbiology · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Dendritic Cells: Multifunctional Roles in Host Defenses toJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Review
  6. Innate Pulmonary Phagocytes and Their Interactions with PathogenicJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Benjamin N NelsonDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, 307 Life Science East, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
Savannah G BeakleyDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, 307 Life Science East, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
Sierra PoseyDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, 307 Life Science East, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
Brittney ConnDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, 307 Life Science East, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
Emma MaritzDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, 307 Life Science East, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
Janakiram SeshuDepartment of Biology, South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Karen L WozniakDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, 307 Life Science East, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA. karen.wozniak@okstate.edu.
Oklahoma State University · USTexas Center for Infectious Disease · US

Funding

ZFC3H1 Regulation of Host Defense and Influenza A Virus PathogenesisP20GM103648 · NIGMS · OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY STILLWATER · PI CHENG, YONG · 2013 to 2022
$22.3M
Vascular-macrophage crosstalk in GBM immunosuppressionP20GM134973 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HLTH SCIENCES CTR · PI Jimmy D. Ballard · 2020 to 2026
$17.6M
Mechanisms of host-specific regulation in Borrelia burgdorferiR21AI123837 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SAN ANTONIO · PI SESHU, JANAKIRAM · 2017 to 2018
$404k
NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI123837NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM103648NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM134973
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening disease among immune compromised individuals that is caused by the opportunistic fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. Previous studies have shown that the fungus is phagocytosed by dendritic cells (DCs) and trafficked to the lysosome where it is killed by both oxidative and non-oxidative mechanisms. While certain molecules from the lysosome are known to kill or inhibit the growth of C. neoformans, the lysosome is an organelle containing many different proteins and enzymes that are designed to degrade phagocytosed material. We hypothesized that multiple lysosomal components, including cysteine proteases and antimicrobial peptides, could inhibit the growth of C. neoformans. Our study identified the contents of the DC lysosome and examined the anti-cryptococcal properties of different proteins found within the lysosome. Results showed several DC lysosomal proteins affected the growth of C. neoformans in vitro. The proteins that killed or inhibited the fungus did so in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the concentration of protein needed for cryptococcal inhibition was found to be non-cytotoxic to mammalian cells. These data show that many DC lysosomal proteins have antifungal activity and have potential as immune-based therapeutics.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntifungal AgentsCryptococcosisCryptococcus neoformansDendritic CellsFemaleLysosomesMaleMiceMice, Inbred BALB CPhagocytosisProteinsAntifungal Agentslysosomal proteinsProteins

Identifiers

PMID34193926
PMCPMC8245489
OpenAlexW3176017590

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.