ArticleTobacco control2022
Flavour chemicals, synthetic coolants and pulegone in popular mint-flavoured and menthol-flavoured e-cigarettes.
Article in Tobacco control, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of "ice" components in sweet-flavored nicotine-containing e-liquids among young adult e-cigarette users.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2025Trial
- Effects of 'Ice' flavoured e-cigarettes with synthetic cooling agent WS-23 or menthol on user-reported appeal and sensory attributes.Tobacco control · 2025Trial
- Methylglyoxal and Glyoxal in High-Puff Disposable Electronic Cigarette Liquids: Unexpected Accumulation and Enhanced Cytotoxicity.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Temperature-associated microbial succession and volatile flavor compound dynamics during cigar tobacco leaf fermentation.Bioresources and bioprocessing · 2026Article
- Comparative toxicity of menthol- and tobacco-flavored electronic cigarette constituents inducing inflammation, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulation in the absence of nicotine.Toxicology reports · 2026Article
- Influence of Cooling Agents on the Arrhythmogenic and Autonomic Effects of Electronic Cigarettes in an in vivo Model.Circulation. Arrhythmia and electrophysiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Influence of e-cigarettes and their constituents on cardiac rhythm and arrhythmias.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2026Review
- Artificial Sweeteners in US-Marketed Oral Nicotine Pouch Products: Correlation With Nicotine Contents and Effects on Product Preference.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Article
- Public health impact of disposable electronic cigarettes since 2021: a scoping review.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Disposable nicotine vaping products now offer adjustable levels of flavour and coolness.Tobacco control · 2025Article
- Differences in "minty" flavor compound and synthetic cooling agent presence in US-marketed menthol-mint e-liquids and devices between 2019-2023.Research square · 2025Article
- Toxicity of humectants propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin in electronic nicotine delivery systems.Toxicology letters · 2025Review
- Unraveling the Toxicological Effects of Hydroxyacetone - A Reaction Product in Electronic Cigarette Aerosols.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Optimising a product standard for banning menthol and other flavours in tobacco products.Tobacco control · 2025Article
- Review
- Menthol, a consumer product additive, adversely affects human embryonic stem cells via activation of TRPM8 and TRPA1 channels.Stem cells translational medicine · 2025Article
- Physical and Chemical Characterization of Aerosols Produced from Commercial Nicotine Salt-Based E-Liquids.Chemical research in toxicology · 2025Article
- Marketing for Sensa: A novel "zero nicotine vapor product" from a major tobacco company.Research square · 2024Article
- Ultrasonic Cigarettes: Chemicals and Cytotoxicity are Similar to Heated-Coil Pod-Style Electronic Cigarettes.Chemical research in toxicology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently banned flavours from pod-style electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), except for menthol and tobacco. JUUL customers have quickly discovered that flavoured disposable e-cigarettes from other manufacturers, such as Puff, are readily available. Our goal was to compare flavour chemicals, synthetic coolants and pulegone in mint-flavoured/menthol-flavoured e-cigarettes from JUUL and Puff, evaluate the cytotoxicity of the coolants and perform a cancer risk assessment for pulegone, which is present in both JUUL pods and disposable Puff products.
methodsIdentification and quantification of chemicals were performed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Cytotoxicity of the coolants was evaluated with BEAS-2B cells using the MTT 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The cancer risk of pulegone was calculated using the margin of exposure (MOE).
resultsMenthol was the dominant flavour chemical (>1 mg/mL) in all products from both manufacturers. Minor flavour chemicals (<1 mg/mL) differed in the JUUL and Puff fluids and may produce flavour accents. The concentrations of WS-3 and WS-23 were higher in Puff than in JUUL. WS-23 was cytotoxic in the MTT assay at concentrations 90 times lower than concentrations in Puff fluids. The risk of cancer (MOE<10 000) was greater for mint than for menthol products and greater for Puff than for JUUL.
conclusionsSwitching from flavoured JUUL to Puff e-cigarettes may expose users to increased harm due to the higher levels of WS-23 and pulegone in Puff products. Cancer risk may be reduced in e-cigarettes by using pure menthol rather than mint oils to produce minty-flavoured e-cigarette products.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.