ArticleRMD open2021
Risk factors for venous thromboembolism and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: do they differ in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?
Article in RMD open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Colchicine for the primary prevention of cardiovascular events.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Low-versus high-dose aspirin for venous thromboembolic prophylaxis after total joint arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2024Pooled it
- The risk of venous thromboembolism in RA.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Review
- Varicose veins and venous thromboembolism in inflammatory rheumatic diseases: vascular complications and rehabilitation approaches.Rheumatology international · 2026Review
- Article
- Physiological, Immunological, and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Alterations in Male Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.F1000Research · 2025Article
- Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Risk Profiles of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results from an Italian Multicentre Cohort.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular complications during delivery: a United States inpatient analysis.European heart journal · 2024Article
- Prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and traditional cardiovascular risk factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a real-life evidence from BioSTAR nationwide registry.Rheumatology international · 2024Article
- MACE and VTE across upadacitinib clinical trial programmes in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis.RMD open · 2023Article
- The association between autoantibodies and risk for venous thromboembolic events among patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- Rheumatoid arthritis disease activity and adverse events in patients receiving tofacitinib or tumor necrosis factor inhibitors: aTherapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2023Article
- Venous Thromboembolism in Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Added Effect of Disease Activity to Traditional Risk Factors.Open access rheumatology : research and reviews · 2022Review
- Study on the Correlation between the Prevalence of Venous Thromboembolism in Kazak Pregnant and Lying-In Women in Xinjiang.Contrast media & molecular imaging · 2022Article
- Challenges in Implementing Cardiovascular Risk Scores for Assessment of Young People With Childhood-Onset Autoimmune Rheumatic Conditions.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is an increasing concern in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with little known about risk factors. We aimed to compare risk factors for unprovoked VTE and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in patients with RA and to assess subsequent ASCVD risk after an unprovoked VTE.
methodsPeople with RA participating in a US-wide longitudinal observational registry from 1998 to 2018 were assessed for incident unprovoked VTE (deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary emboli not associated with cancer, recent surgery, hospitalisation, fracture and pregnancy) and ASCVD (myocardial infarction and stroke) validated from hospital/death records. Risk factors for VTE and ASCVD and the risk of ASCVD after an unprovoked VTE were determined using Cox proportional hazards models.
resultsDuring median (IQR) 4 (1.5-7) years of follow-up in 31 366 patients with RA, 539 unprovoked VTE and 1648 ASCVD events were identified. The adjusted models showed increased VTE and ASCVD risk with older age, male sex, comorbidities, prior fracture, worse disability, higher disease activity and glucocorticoids. Traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors were common in both ASCVD and VTE but only increased ASCVD risk with obesity as the exception (VTE HR (95% CI), 1.46 (1.13-1.87)) and ASCVD, 0.58 (0.50-0.68)). ASCVD risk doubled after an unprovoked VTE (HR (95% CI), 2.05 (1.43-2.95)).
conclusionOur findings suggest that unprovoked VTE is mediated by inflammation of RA and may be considered a spectrum of pan-cardiovascular syndrome.
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