ArticleScience advances2021
Soft-bodied adaptive multimodal locomotion strategies in fluid-filled confined spaces.
Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed.
- Habitat-Specific Design Strategies for Untethered Soft Robots.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Task-Oriented Biomedical Microrobots: Access, Working Environment, Actuation, Body Design, Detection and Control.Micromachines · 2026Review
- Rapid Fabrication of Self-Propelled and Steerable Magnetic Microcatheters for Precision Medicine.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- A Multimodal Magnetically Driven Soft Robot With Integrated Actuation-Sensing Based on Photothermal Reprogramming Technology.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- 3D Printing of Magnetic Soft Materials for Functional Structures and Devices.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- A Data-Driven Inverse Design Methodology for Magnetic Soft Millirobots Navigating in Confined Spaces.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Ultrasound-guided closed-loop control of magnetic hydrogel microrobots with adaptive gait switching.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Article
- Bioinspired milliscale near-boundary undulatory motion for fluid transport and adhesive locomotion.Science advances · 2026Article
- Enhancing soft robots with chemical shielding for harsh corrosive liquid environments.Materials horizons · 2026Article
- Magnetically controlled multimodal motion for environmentally adaptive soft millirobots with transformable wheel-leg morphology.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2026Article
- Enable active mobility of untethered miniature robots in high-resistance multiphase medium.Science advances · 2026Article
- Physiologically Adaptive Soft Millirobot for Atraumatic Endovascular Therapy.Advanced functional materials · 2026Article
- A general soft robotic controller inspired by neuronal structural and plastic synapses that adapts to diverse arms, tasks, and perturbations.Science advances · 2026Article
- In situ mechanostimulation of biohybrid millirobots for enhanced cell functionality and delivery.Science advances · 2026Article
- Mechanical non-reciprocity programmed by shear jamming in soft composite solids.Nature materials · 2026Article
- Synthetic X‑ray‑driven tracking and control of miniature medical devices.Nature machine intelligence · 2026Article
- Multimaterial 3D printed soft robots with embedded actuation and sensing.Science advances · 2025Article
- Physiologically Adaptive Soft Millirobot for Atraumatic, Image-Guided Endovascular Therapy.Research square · 2025Article
- Stable magnetic soft structures.Science advances · 2025Article
- Magnetic field-enhanced vertical integration enables embodied intelligence in untethered soft robots.Science advances · 2025Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Soft-bodied locomotion in fluid-filled confined spaces is critical for future wireless medical robots operating inside vessels, tubes, channels, and cavities of the human body, which are filled with stagnant or flowing biological fluids. However, the active soft-bodied locomotion is challenging to achieve when the robot size is comparable with the cross-sectional dimension of these confined spaces. Here, we propose various control and performance enhancement strategies to let the sheet-shaped soft millirobots achieve multimodal locomotion, including rolling, undulatory crawling, undulatory swimming, and helical surface crawling depending on different fluid-filled confined environments. With these locomotion modes, the sheet-shaped soft robot can navigate through straight or bent gaps with varying sizes, tortuous channels, and tubes with a flowing fluid inside. Such soft robot design along with its control and performance enhancement strategies are promising to be applied in future wireless soft medical robots inside various fluid-filled tight regions of the human body.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.