ArticleMicrobiology spectrum2021
Anti-Spike Protein Assays to Determine SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Levels: a Head-to-Head Comparison of Five Quantitative Assays.
Article in Microbiology spectrum, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 123 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
123 citing papers in PubMed, 194 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antibody Response of Heterologous vs Homologous Messenger RNA Vaccine Boosters Against the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Omicron Variant: Interim Results from the PRIBIVAC Study, a Randomized Clinical Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Trial
- CD19+IgD+CD27- Naïve B Cells as Predictors of Humoral Response to COVID 19 mRNA Vaccination in Immunocompromised Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Advanced fluorescence biosensor utilizing nitrogen/oxygen-doped carbon quantum dots in a modified carboxy cellulose matrix for quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.Discover nano · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Levels and Infections in Multiple Vaccinated Employees Over Time.Journal of medical virology · 2025Article
- Comparison of NADAL COVID IgG/IgM rapid test and DiaSorin Liaison SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG assay across different blood sources and substrates.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Variant-Specific Antibodies in Vaccinated Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Lifestyle and Biochemical Parameters That May Hamper Immune Responses in Pediatric Patients After Immunization with the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Uncertainty quantification of antibody measurements: Physical principles and implications for standardization.Physical review. E · 2025Article
- Review
- A SARS-CoV-2 minimum data standard to support national serology reporting.Annals of clinical biochemistry · 2024Article
- Determinants of protective humoral response to mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 vaccines in peritoneal dialysis patients: a prospective cohort study.BMC nephrology · 2024Observational
- Durability of Humoral Responses after an Adapted SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Dose in Hemodialysis Patients.Vaccines · 2024Article
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- Microfluidic Diffusional Sizing (MDS) Measurements of Secretory Neutralizing Antibody Affinity Against SARS-CoV-2.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2024Article
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- Humoral Response to SARS-COV-2 Vaccination in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Real-World Study.Neurology and therapy · 2024Article
- Covid-19 vaccines elicit effective IgG responses in an elderly thymus cancer patient with chemotherapy.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- COVID‑19 antibody production by vaccination in chemotherapy with CD20 antibody for B‑cell lymphoma.Molecular and clinical oncology · 2023Article
63 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Reliable quantification of the antibody response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly relevant, e.g., for identifying possible vaccine failure and estimating the time of protection. Therefore, we evaluated five different anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays regarding the quantification of anti-spike (S) antibodies. Sera from 69 SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals 21 ± 1 days after vaccination with a single dose of BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) were tested using the following quantitative assays: Roche S total antibody, DiaSorin trimeric spike IgG, DiaSorin S1/S2 IgG, Abbott II IgG, and Serion/Virion IgG. Results were further compared to the percent inhibition calculated from a surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT). Individual values were distributed over several orders of magnitude for all assays. Although the assays were in good overall agreement (ρ = 0.80 to 0.94), Passing-Bablok regression revealed systematic constant and proportional differences, which could not be eliminated by converting the results to binding antibody units (BAU) per milliliter, as suggested by the manufacturers. Seven (10%) individuals had negative sVNT results (i.e., <30% inhibition). These samples were identified by most assays and yielded significantly lower binding antibody levels. Although all assays showed good correlation, they were not interchangeable, even when converted to BAU per milliliter using the WHO international standard for SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin. This highlights the need for further standardization of SARS-CoV-2 serology.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.