Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34190364›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2022

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling of treprostinil after intravenous injection and extended-release oral tablet administration in healthy volunteers: An extrapolation to other patient populations including patients with hepatic impairment.

Xuemei Wu, Xiaohan Zhang, Ruichao Xu, Imam Hussain Shaik, Raman Venkataramanan

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of small molecules: How much progress have we made?Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2025
    Review
  3. An open-access data set of pig skin anatomy and physiology for modelling purposes.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2022
    Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Xuemei WuDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1640-7385
Xiaohan ZhangCollege of Arts and Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Ruichao XuDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Imam Hussain ShaikDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1021-4892
Raman VenkataramananDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1893-3290
University of Pittsburgh · USFujian Medical University · CNUniversity of Virginia · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by increased pulmonary arterial pressure, resulting in right ventricular overload, right heart failure and eventually death. Treprostinil is a prostacyclin analogue that is used in the treatment of PAH. As an orphan drug, limited information is available regarding its disposition and its use in special populations such as elderly, paediatric and pregnant patients. The objective of the current study was to develop a robust physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for treprostinil intravenous injection and extended-release tablet as the first step to optimize treprostinil pharmacotherapy in patients.

methodsPBPK model was built using Simcyp simulator which integrated physicochemical properties, observed or predicted parameters for drug absorption, distribution and elimination for treprostinil, and population specific physiological characteristics. Three clinical trials after intravenous infusion and nine studies after oral administration of treprostinil extended-release tablet in healthy volunteers were used to develop and validate the model. The simulated PK profiles were compared with the observed data. Extrapolation of the model to patient populations including patients with hepatic impairment was conducted to validate the predictions.

resultsMost of the observed data were within the 5

conclusionPredicted absorption, distribution, and metabolic enzyme kinetics gave an insight into the disposition of treprostinil in humans. Extrapolation of the established model to patient populations with hepatic impairment successfully documented the model reliability. The developed model has the potential to be used in the PK predictions in other special patient populations with different demographic, physiological and pathological characteristics.

Indexed as

EpoprostenolLiver DiseasesAdministration, OralAgedAntihypertensive AgentsChildFemaleHumansInjections, IntravenousModels, BiologicalPregnancyReproducibility of ResultsTabletsAntihypertensive AgentsEpoprostenolTabletstreprostinilextended-release tablet, hepatic impairment, modelling and simulation, physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling, treprostinil

Identifiers

PMID34190364
PMCPMC9290939
OpenAlexW3173192595

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.