Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34189716›Full record

ReviewAmerican journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions2022

Diabetes, Heart Failure and Beyond: Elucidating the Cardioprotective Mechanisms of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors.

Utkarsh Ojha, Lenisse Reyes, Florence Eyenga, Diane Oumbe, Justyna Watkowska, Henock Saint-Jacques

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation in patients with type 2 diabetes in the United States: a TriNetX database study.Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 2026
    Article
  2. Do SGLT2 Inhibitors Protect the Kidneys? An Alternative Explanation.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026
    Review
  3. Cardiometabolic Dysregulation and Heart Failure.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2025
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Current and Emerging Classes of Pharmacological Agents for the Management of Hypertension.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2022
    Review
  9. Animal, Human, andCurrent pediatrics reports · 2021
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Utkarsh OjhaRoyal Lancaster Infirmary, Lancaster, UK. utkarshojha@hotmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6733-3617
Lenisse ReyesCentro de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Clínicas (CINBIOCLI), Santiago, Dominican Republic.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3880-3357
Florence EyengaHarlem Cardiology on Madison, New York, NY, USA.
Diane OumbeHarlem Cardiology on Madison, New York, NY, USA.
Justyna WatkowskaHarlem Cardiology on Madison Avenue and New York University (NYU) Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Henock Saint-JacquesHarlem Cardiology on Madison Avenue and New York University (NYU) Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Harlem United · USNYU Langone Health · USRoyal Lancaster Infirmary · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Approximately 5 million individuals in the US are living with congestive heart failure (CHF), with 650,000 new cases being diagnosed every year. CHF has a multifactorial etiology, ranging from coronary artery disease, hypertension, valvular abnormalities and diabetes mellitus. Currently, guidelines by the American College of Cardiology advocate the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, β-blockers, diuretics, aldosterone antagonists, and inotropes for the medical management of heart failure. The sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a class of drug that have been widely used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus that work by inhibiting the reabsorption of glucose in the proximal convoluted tubule. Since the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial, several studies have demonstrated the benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors in reducing cardiovascular risk related to heart failure. While the cardiovascular benefits could be explained by their ability to reduce weight, improve glycemic index and lower blood pressure, several recent trials have suggested that SGLT2 inhibitors exhibit pleiotropic effects that underlie their cardioprotective properties. These findings have led to an expansion in preclinical and clinical research aiming to understand the mechanisms by which SGLT2 inhibitors improve heart failure outcomes.

Indexed as

Cardiotonic AgentsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Heart FailureSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsHumansCardiotonic AgentsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID34189716
OpenAlexW3175136814

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.