Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34189672›Full record

SynthesisClinical rheumatology2021

Serum anti-citrullinated protein antibodies and rheumatoid factor increase the risk of rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease: a meta-analysis.

Sisi Xie, Shu Li, Bilin Chen, Qing Zhu, Lichang Xu, Fen Li

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Clinical rheumatology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.

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  16. Treating connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease - think outside the box: a perspective.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Sisi XieDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
Shu LiDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
Bilin ChenDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
Qing ZhuDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
Lichang XuDepartment of Computer Science, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA.
Fen LiDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China. lifen0731@csu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4964-6991
Central South University · CNUniversity of California, Santa Cruz · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis meta-analysis aims to determine the association between antibodies including anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) and rheumatoid factors (RF) and risk of rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD).

methodsPubMed, Embase, and Cochrane were searched up to September 13, 2020, for studies investigating the risk of RA-ILD in ACPA-positive patients. The statistical meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed using the Review Manager 5.4 and Stata16.0 software, respectively.

resultsTotal 1 double-blind randomized controlled study and 16 observational studies, including 992 RA-ILD patients and 2223 RA-non ILD patients, met the inclusion criteria of the meta-analysis. Compared with ACPA-negative patients, positive serum ACPA increased the risk of RA-ILD (OR = 2.51; 95% CI: 1.35-4.68; P = 0.004) and serum ACPA titer was significantly correlated with risk of RA-ILD (SMD = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.17-0.62; P = 0.0006). In a region-based subgroup analysis, ACPA titer in Asian, European, and African populations was significantly related to the risk of RA-ILD, while there was no significant correlation in the Americans (SMD =  - 0.03; 95% CI: - 0.89-0.83; P = 0.95), especially in the USA (SMD = 0.37; 95% CI: - 0.26-0.99; P = 0.25). In addition, serum positive RF increased the risk of RA-ILD (OR = 2.85; 95% CI: 2.19-3.71; P < 0.00001) and serum RF titer was significantly correlated with the risk of RA-ILD (SMD = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.23-0.46; P < 0.00001). However, for the analysis of RF dichotomous data, the funnel shape was asymmetric and the p value of egger test was less than 0.05, which indicated potential publication bias.

conclusionsACPA and RF positive patients have greater risk of RA-ILD, and RA patients positive for ACPA should be paid more attention. KEY POINTS: • Autoantibodies ACPA and RF increase the risk of RA-ILD. • Regions may be related to RA-ILD.

Indexed as

Arthritis, RheumatoidLung Diseases, InterstitialAnti-Citrullinated Protein AntibodiesAutoantibodiesHumansPeptides, CyclicRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRheumatoid FactorAnti-Citrullinated Protein AntibodiesAutoantibodiesPeptides, CyclicRheumatoid FactorAnti-citrullinated protein antibodyMeta-analysisRheumatoid arthritis–related interstitial lung diseaseRheumatoid factor

Identifiers

PMID34189672
OpenAlexW3154472931

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.