ArticleClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2021
Memory-like Differentiation Enhances NK Cell Responses to Melanoma.
Article in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Melanoma of unknown primary: a comprehensive review of immune-mediated pathogenesis and therapies.The oncologist · 2025Pooled it
- Cellular immunotherapy in melanoma: the next frontier in cancer treatment.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Review
- Anti-MSLN chimeric antigen receptor-like NK cell therapy with tumor-penetrating capacity (uCAR-like NK) for solid tumors.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Article
- The role of NK cells in regulating tumorimmunity: current state, challenges and future strategies.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Novel tetrameric bispecific KK-LC-1×CD16A-armed memory-like NK cells enhance antitumor efficacy in gastric cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Species-specific serine metabolism differentially controls natural killer cell functions.Nature metabolism · 2025Article
- Tumor hypoxia shapes natural killer cell anticancer activities.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- Elephant in the room: natural killer cells don't forget HIV either.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- CD56Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Memory-like NK cell differentiation, inhibitory NKG2A blockade, and improved recognition via antibody or CAR engineering combine to enhance NK cell attack against multiple myeloma.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Natural killer cell memory: challenges and opportunities for cancer immunotherapy.Cancer biology & therapy · 2024Review
- Potential treatment approaches for malignant peritoneal mesothelioma: in vivo and in vitro experimental study of natural killer cell immunotherapy.Cancer biology & medicine · 2024Article
- Basic immunologic study as a foundation for engineered therapeutic development.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2024Review
- CAR memory-like NK cells targeting the membrane proximal domain of mesothelin demonstrate promising activity in ovarian cancer.Science advances · 2024Article
- Cytokines drive the formation of memory-like NK cell subsets via epigenetic rewiring and transcriptional regulation.Science immunology · 2024Article
- NK cells as powerful therapeutic tool in cancer immunotherapy.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2024Review
- Immune Regulation and Immune Therapy in Melanoma: Review with Emphasis on CD155 Signalling.Cancers · 2024Review
- No time to die: Epigenetic regulation of natural killer cell survival.Immunological reviews · 2024Review
- Vaccination with a combination of STING agonist-loaded lipid nanoparticles and CpG-ODNs protects against lung metastasis via the induction of CD11bExperimental hematology & oncology · 2024Article
- Memory-like differentiation enhances NK cell responses against colorectal cancer.Oncoimmunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTreatment of advanced melanoma is a clinical challenge. Natural killer (NK) cells are a promising cellular therapy for T cell-refractory cancers, but are frequently deficient or dysfunctional in patients with melanoma. Thus, new strategies are needed to enhance NK-cell antitumor responses. Cytokine-induced memory-like (ML) differentiation overcomes many barriers in the NK-cell therapeutics field, resulting in potent cytotoxicity and enhanced cytokine production against blood cancer targets. However, the preclinical activity of ML NK against solid tumors remains largely undefined. EXPERIMENTAL
designPhenotypic and functional alterations of blood and advanced melanoma infiltrating NK cells were evaluated using mass cytometry. ML NK cells from healthy donors (HD) and patients with advanced melanoma were evaluated for their ability to produce IFNγ and kill melanoma targets
resultsNK cells in advanced melanoma exhibited a decreased cytotoxic potential compared with blood NK cells. ML NK cells differentiated from HD and patients with advanced melanoma displayed enhanced IFNγ production and cytotoxicity against melanoma targets. This included ML differentiation enhancing melanoma patients' NK-cell responses against autologous targets. The ML NK-cell response against melanoma was partially dependent on the NKG2D- and NKp46-activating receptors. Furthermore, in xenograft NSG mouse models, human ML NK cells demonstrated superior control of melanoma, compared with conventional NK cells.
conclusionsBlood NK cells from allogeneic HD or patients with advanced melanoma can be differentiated into ML NK cells for use as a novel immunotherapeutic treatment for advanced melanoma, which warrants testing in early-phase clinical trials.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.