SynthesisParasitology2021
The global seroprevalence of
Synthesis in Parasitology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- A review onParasite epidemiology and control · 2026Review
- A comprehensive overview of the epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in animals from Iraq.Tropical animal health and production · 2026Review
- Evaluation of recombinant TgGRA14 as a diagnostic antigen for detection of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in cattle.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Seropositivity and Risk Factors forAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Seroprevalence and Risk Factors ofVeterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Seroprevalence and altitude-dependent patterns of Toxoplasma gondii infection in livestock from northern Armenia.PloS one · 2026Article
- A long-term serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii in European bison (Bison bonasus) - the largest european herbivore.Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- Latent toxoplasmosis and preeclampsia: evidence for the role of chronic infection in pregnancy complications.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Association between latent toxoplasmosis and bipolar disorder: a case-control seroprevalence study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Characterization of the immune response to recombinant GRA-4 protein (rGRA-4) ofOpen veterinary journal · 2025Article
- Anti-Neospora caninum and anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in cattle intended for human consumption in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil: prevalence and associated factors.Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria · 2025Article
- Seroprevalence ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Toxoplasmosis in animals and humans: a neglected zoonotic disease in Bangladesh.Journal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2024Review
- Effective factors in the pathogenesis ofHeliyon · 2024Review
- A Review ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Seroprevalence and Factors Associated withAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bovines, especially cattle, are considered as one of the main sources of Toxoplasma gondii infection for humans. A more comprehensive understanding of the occurrence of T. gondii is needed to provide a global perspective on the prevalence of T. gondii in bovines. Here, we present the results of the first systematic review and meta-analysis on the global T. gondii seroprevalence in bovines. Six databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest and Google Scholar) were comprehensively searched for relevant studies published between 1 January 1967 and 30 May 2019. Among 7691 publications searched, 178 studies (from 50 countries) with 193 datasets were included in the meta-analysis. The global pooled and weighted seroprevalence of T. gondii among bovines was 17.91% [95% confidence interval (CI): 15.32–20.6]. Weighted prevalence based on the host was as follows: cattle 16.94% (95% CI: 14.25–19.81), buffalo 22.26% (95% CI: 16.8–29), yak 23% (95% CI: 14–33) and bison 8.1% (95% CI: 3.9–13.7). Continued monitoring on the status of T. gondii seroprevalence in bovines is essential. Study on the prevalence of T. gondii in the products of bovines such as milk, meat, etc., which are considered as the source of transmission of infection to humans, is recommended.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.