Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34187454›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2021

The association between a conditional cash transfer programme and malaria incidence: a longitudinal ecological study in the Brazilian Amazon between 2004 and 2015.

Layana Costa Alves, Mauro Niskier Sanchez, Thomas Hone, Luiz Felipe Pinto, Joilda Silva Nery, Pedro Luiz Tauil, Maurício Lima Barreto, Gerson Oliveira Penna

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

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  12. Bolsa Família Program and deaths from oral cancer in Brazil: an ecological study.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Layana Costa AlvesFiocruz School of Government, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, EFG/FIOCRUZ, Avenida L3 Norte, s/n, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Gleba A, Brasília/DF, CEP: 70.904-130, Brazil. layanalves@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0003-3512-7872
Mauro Niskier SanchezDepartment of Collective Health, University of Brasília, UNB, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, s/n, Asa Norte, Brasília/DF, CEP: 70910-900, Brazil.
Thomas HonePublic Health Policy Evaluation Unit, Imperial College, Imperial College London, Charing Cross Hospital, London, W6 8RP, UK.
Luiz Felipe PintoDepartment of Medicine in Primary Health Care, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rua Laura de Araújo, 36 - 2 andar. Cidade Nova, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, CEP: 20211-170, Brazil.
Joilda Silva NeryInstitute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, UFBA, Rua Basílio da Gama, s/n, Campus Universitário Canela, Salvador/BA, CEP: 40.110-040, Brazil.
Pedro Luiz TauilTropical Medicine Centre, University of Brasília, UNB, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, s/n, Asa Norte, Brasília/DF, CEP: 70.904.970, Brazil.
Maurício Lima BarretoCenter for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health, CIDACS, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ, Rua Mundo, 121, Trobogy, Salvador/BA, CEP: 41745-715, Brazil.
Gerson Oliveira PennaFiocruz School of Government, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, EFG/FIOCRUZ, Avenida L3 Norte, s/n, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Gleba A, Brasília/DF, CEP: 70.904-130, Brazil.
Universidade de Brasília · BRUniversidade Federal da Bahia · BRCharing Cross Hospital · GBFundação Oswaldo Cruz · BRUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro · BR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMalaria causes 400 thousand deaths worldwide annually. In 2018, 25% (187,693) of the total malaria cases in the Americas were in Brazil, with nearly all (99%) Brazilian cases in the Amazon region. The Bolsa Família Programme (BFP) is a conditional cash transfer (CCT) programme launched in 2003 to reduce poverty and has led to improvements in health outcomes. CCT programmes may reduce the burden of malaria by alleviating poverty and by promoting access to healthcare, however this relationship is underexplored. This study investigated the association between BFP coverage and malaria incidence in Brazil.

methodsA longitudinal panel study was conducted of 807 municipalities in the Brazilian Amazon between 2004 and 2015. Negative binomial regression models adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic covariates and time trends were employed with fixed effects specifications.

resultsA one percentage point increase in municipal BFP coverage was associated with a 0.3% decrease in the incidence of malaria (RR = 0.997; 95% CI = 0.994-0.998). The average municipal BFP coverage increased 24 percentage points over the period 2004-2015 corresponding to be a reduction of 7.2% in the malaria incidence.

conclusionsHigher coverage of the BFP was associated with a reduction in the incidence of malaria. CCT programmes should be encouraged in endemic regions for malaria in order to mitigate the impact of disease and poverty itself in these settings.

Indexed as

MalariaPovertyBrazilCitiesHumansModels, StatisticalConditional cash transferEpidemiologyMalariaPrevention & controlSocial determinants of healthVector borne disease

Identifiers

PMID34187454
PMCPMC8243887
OpenAlexW3174557109

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.