ArticleJournal of the Royal Society, Interface2021
Controlling biomolecular condensates via chemical reactions.
Article in Journal of the Royal Society, Interface, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed.
- Active Field Theory Approach to Explain Size Control of Transcriptional Condensates.Macromolecular bioscience · 2026Article
- Phase separation induced by active polymerization makes protocells robust against environmental changes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Nonequilibrium phases of a biomolecular condensate facilitated by enzyme activity.Soft matter · 2026Article
- Decoding the role of DNA sequence on protein-DNA co-condensation.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Sticky enzymes: increased metabolic efficiency via substrate-dependent enzyme clustering.PRX life · 2025Article
- Computer Simulations Show That Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation Enhances Self-Assembly.ACS nano · 2025Article
- Interfacial effects determine nonequilibrium phase behaviors in chemically driven fluids.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Crossover patterning through condensation and coarsening of pro-crossover factors.Nature cell biology · 2025Article
- Engineering Protein-Polyelectrolyte Interactions for Cellular Applications.Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering · 2025Review
- Aging-dependent evolving electrochemical potentials of biomolecular condensates regulate their physicochemical activities.Nature chemistry · 2025Article
- Chemically active wetting.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Spatial Control over Reactions via Localized Transcription within Membraneless DNA Nanostar Droplets.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2024Article
- Shape transformations in peptide-DNA coacervates driven by enzyme-catalyzed deacetylation.Soft matter · 2024Article
- An introduction to phase ordering in scalar active matter.The European physical journal. Special topics · 2024Review
- Chemical reaction motifs driving non-equilibrium behaviours in phase separating materials.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2023Article
- Nonequilibrium design strategies for functional colloidal assemblies.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Phase Transitions of Associative Biomacromolecules.Chemical reviews · 2023Review
- Physical interactions in non-ideal fluids promote Turing patterns.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2023Article
- Designing negative feedback loops in enzymatic coacervate droplets.Chemical science · 2023Article
- Developments in describing equilibrium phase transitions of multivalent associative macromolecules.Current opinion in structural biology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Biomolecular condensates are small droplets forming spontaneously in biological cells through phase separation. They play a role in many cellular processes, but it is unclear how cells control them. Cellular regulation often relies on post-translational modifications of proteins. For biomolecular condensates, such chemical modifications could alter the molecular interaction of key condensate components. Here, we test this idea using a theoretical model based on non-equilibrium thermodynamics. In particular, we describe the chemical reactions using transition-state theory, which accounts for the non-ideality of phase separation. We identify that fast control, as in cell signalling, is only possible when external energy input drives the reaction out of equilibrium. If this reaction differs inside and outside the droplet, it is even possible to control droplet sizes. Such an imbalance in the reaction could be created by enzymes localizing to the droplet. Since this situation is typical inside cells, we speculate that our proposed mechanism is used to stabilize multiple droplets with independently controlled size and count. Our model provides a novel and thermodynamically consistent framework for describing droplets subject to non-equilibrium chemical reactions.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.