ArticlePloS one2021
Stress and anxiety among physicians during the COVID-19 outbreak in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region: An online survey.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Impacts for health and care workers of Covid-19 and other public health emergencies of international concern: living systematic review, meta-analysis and policy recommendations.Human resources for health · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety, and burnout among physicians and postgraduate medical trainees: a scoping review of recent literature.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Depression and Generalized Anxiety as Long-Term Mental Health Consequences of COVID-19 in Iraqi Kurdistan.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- The Effects of COVID-19 on Orthopaedic Surgery Training Programs in the United States.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews · 2023Article
- COVID-19's impact on worker stress in human service organizations: The mediating role of inclusion.PloS one · 2023Article
- Prevalence and determinants of anxiety and stress in the general population during COVID-19 pandemic in Iraq: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2023Article
- Current Impact and Long-Term Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Iraqi Healthcare Systems: A Case Study.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Mental health status of doctors and nurses in a Nigerian tertiary hospital: A COVID-19 experience.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2022Article
- Mental Health, Burnout, and Job Stressors Among Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Survey.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Effectiveness of an educational mobile-app intervention in improving the knowledge of COVID-19 preventive measures.Informatics in medicine unlocked · 2022Article
- Maternal psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic and structural changes of the human fetal brain.Communications medicine · 2022Article
- Health Anxiety, Fear of COVID-19, Nosophobia, and Health-protective Behaviors Among Healthcare Professionals.Innovations in clinical neuroscienceArticle
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDuring infectious disease outbreaks, healthcare workers are at high risk of infection, infecting others, and psychological distress. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of stress and anxiety in physicians during the COVID-19 outbreak in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region and assess their associated factors.
methodsThis cross-sectional study was carried out in Erbil, Iraqi Kurdistan Region, from March 28 to April 15, 2020. An online self-administered survey questionnaire was used to collect data from physicians working in specialized COVID-19 centers and other healthcare facilities. The level of stress was measured based on the 10-items Perceived Stress Scale. The level of anxiety was measured based on the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale.
resultsA total of 370 participants responded to the perceived stress component of the survey, of whom 57 (15.4%) had low perceived stress, 249 (67.3%) had moderate stress, and 64 (17.3%) had high stress. Being female was significantly associated with having moderate/high stress (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.40 (95% CI 1.31-4.39)). A total of 201 participants responded to the generalized anxiety disorder component of the survey, of whom 19 (9.5%) had no anxiety, 57 (28.4%) had mild anxiety, 79 (39.3%) had moderate anxiety, and 46 (22.9%) had severe anxiety. Working in COVID-19 centers (AOR = 2.23 (95% CI 1.02-4.86)) and being general practitioners (AOR = 4.16 (95% CI 1.14-15.14)) were significantly associated with having moderate/severe anxiety.
conclusionA considerable proportion of physicians experience stress and anxiety during the COVID-19 outbreak in Iraqi Kurdistan region. Generalists and those in special COVID-19 units report the greatest anxiety. There a need to establish mechanisms to reduce the risks of stress and anxiety among physicians. Mental health coping interventions through counseling should be based on COVID-19 protocol guidelines. Interventions should also emphasize physicians' ability to work safely and efficiently in providing care to the patients.
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